Question

1. Name the soil component derived from the decay of dead plants and animals.
2. Why is the component mentioned by you in (a) important for agriculture?

Answer 1

1. Humus is the dark organic component of soil formed by the decay of dead plants and animals, and it greatly influences soil fertility.
2. The organic matter is formed by the decomposition of dead plants, animal remains and waste. This humus is important for agriculture because it greatly increases soil fertility by supplying and holding nutrients, improving soil structure and aeration, increasing water retention and cation‑exchange capacity, and supporting beneficial soil microorganisms that aid plant growth.