Question

Mention the main clauses of the Rajiv-Longowal Accord.

Answer 1

The Rajiv-Longowal Accord, signed on July 24, 1985, between Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi and Harchand Singh Longowal (representing the Akali Dal), aimed at resolving the ongoing political crisis in Punjab and addressing the issues related to the Khalistan movement and Sikh demands. The Accord sought to bring peace to the region after years of violence and militancy, particularly following the events of Operation Blue Star.

The main clauses of the Rajiv-Longowal Accord were:

1. Restoration of Punjab’s Political Rights: The Accord recognized the legitimate political rights of the people of Punjab and agreed to consider the issues raised by the Akali Dal regarding greater autonomy for the state. However, it stopped short of offering full autonomy or the creation of a separate Sikh state.
2. Transfer of Chandigarh: A significant clause was the transfer of Chandigarh, a city that had been a point of contention between Punjab and Haryana, to Punjab. This was done as part of resolving the long-standing dispute between the two states. Chandigarh was also to be shared between Punjab and Haryana for 25 years, after which it would become a part of Punjab.
3. Water Sharing: The Accord addressed the issue of the Ravi-Beas river waters, ensuring that Punjab would have its share of water from these rivers. The water dispute between Punjab and its neighboring states of Haryana and Rajasthan had been a major source of tension.
4. Release of Political Prisoners: The Accord called for the release of Sikh political prisoners, who had been detained during the period of militancy, as long as they were not involved in violent activities. This was seen as an important step toward reconciliation and peace.
5. Amnesty for Militants: It also provided an amnesty to those involved in the militancy, except those involved in criminal activities such as murder or violence. This was aimed at reducing tensions and encouraging militants to lay down their arms.
6. Compensation for Victims of Violence: The government agreed to provide compensation to the victims of violence during the insurgency, particularly the families of those who had suffered during the militancy in Punjab.
7. Constitutional Changes: The Accord promised to amend the Constitution of India to address some of the concerns raised by the Akali Dal, particularly in relation to the powers of the state government. This was intended to give Punjab greater control over its own affairs.
8. Promoting Harmony and Peace: Both parties committed to promoting peace and communal harmony in Punjab and to working together to end the violence and militancy that had plagued the state in the preceding years.