Question

List the main points of chromosome theory.

Answer 1

The main points of the chromosome theory of inheritance are:

1. Chromosomes exist in pairs, like gene alleles.
2. Homologous chromosomes segregate during meiosis, mirroring Mendelian segregation of alleles.
3. Different chromosomes assort independently in meiosis, like genes on separate chromosomes.
4. Paired condition of chromosomes and genes is restored during fertilization.
5. Genes are located on chromosomes and segregate as chromosomes do during gamete formation.
6. Genes on the same chromosome tend to be inherited together (linkage).
7. This theory explains Mendel’s laws through chromosome behavior during cell division.

Thus, chromosomes are the carriers of genes, and their behavior during meiosis accounts for inheritance patterns.