Question

Individuals who are categorised as having intellectual disability show significant variation in their abilities, ranging from those who can be taught to work and function with special attention, to those who cannot be trained and require institutional care throughout their lives. Identify their categories according to IQ range and specify their potential functionalities.

Answer 1

Intellectual disability is traditionally divided into four groups based on IQ ranges. Each level reflects a unique possibility for academic performance, social connection, and independent living.

1. Mild (IQ 55 to approximately 70): These individuals are frequently “educable”. They can usually learn academic skills up to the late elementary level and, with minimal assistance, can lead independent lives and work in the community.
2. Moderate (IQ 40 to 54): These individuals are considered “trainable”. They can learn basic self-care and communication skills, but they often require a sheltered or supervised environment to live and work.
3. Severe (IQ 25 to 39): They exhibit significant motor and verbal deficits. While they can master very basic personal care skills (such as feeding themselves) with extensive training, they require continual supervision and help throughout their lives.
4. Profound (IQ Below 25): These individuals have little ability to function or communicate. They frequently have serious physical or neurological problems and require ongoing nursing care and institutional support.