Question

How the theory of plate tectonics has explained the formation of mountains like Himalaya or Alps and of the volcanic islands.

Answer 1

The formation of the highest mountains of Himalayas and Alps have been created by the bucking up of the geosynclines of Tethys sea between Angaraland and Gondwanaland which pushed towards each other and forced the geosynclines to be lifted up forming the mountains. The Mid-Atlantic Ridge is the proof of the edge raised at the joint of continental plates which gives birth to several volcanic islands.