Question

How is linkage related to the phenomenon of cross-over and to Mendel’s law of segregation?

Answer 1

It relates to Mendel’s law of segregation as genes on the same chromosome may not separate independently during gamete formation, unlike the expected independent assortment. However, crossing over (exchange of chromosome segments between homologous chromosomes) can separate linked genes, allowing recombination and new gene combinations, thereby partially breaking linkage and affecting inheritance patterns.