Question

How can chromosomal mutations be induced?

Answer 1

Chromosomal mutations can be induced by various mutagens including radiations, chemicals, and environmental factors. Ionizing radiations such as X-rays, gamma rays, alpha and beta particles cause mutations by breaking DNA strands. Non-ionizing ultraviolet (UV) rays also induce mutations, but to a lesser extent. Chemical mutagens like mustard gas, ethyl methyl sulphonate, nitrous acid, and acridine dyes disrupt chromosome structure. Additionally, factors like a rise in temperature can disturb genes leading to mutations. These agents alter the chromosome structure or number, causing chromosomal aberrations.