Question

Gopal Krishna Gokhale, the political mentor of Gandhiji, was one of the most popular Early Nationalist leaders. In this context, answer the following:

1. State three policies of the imperial regime, which were opposed by Gokliale.
2. What role did he play as a member of the Imperial Legislative Council?
3. How did he try to arouse national awakening?

Answer 1

1. Gokhale opposed the policies of the British Government whenever necessary. He criticised the government on issues such as:
   1. incurring huge expenditure on the English army.
   2. adopting the policy of racial discrimination in appointments to high posts.
   3. imposing production tax on cotton.
2. Role played by Gokhale as a Member of the Imperial Legislative Council:
   1. In 1902, Gokhale became a member of the imperial Legislative Council. He pleaded in the Council for a reduction in Salt Duty and the abolition of excise duty on cotton goods.
   2. His relentless efforts led to a reduction in the toll tax.
   3. He tried to introduce a bill with a view to making primary education compulsory, but he could not achieve much success in it.
   4. Being an economist, he demanded radical changes in the fiscal policy and better jobs for the educated middle class.
   5. He impressed upon the government to reduce the land revenue.
3. Gokhale set up: The Servants of India Society, founded in 1905, was to train men to devote their lives to the cause of the country. Secondly, its members were to create among the people deep and passionate love for the motherland. Lastly, the society was to work for the education of women and the elevation of the depressed classes.