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प्रश्न
Give the tools needed for genetic engineering.
लघु उत्तरीय
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उत्तर
Genetic engineering needs three basic tools.
- Enzymes: Restriction endonucleases (molecular scissors), DNA ligases (molecular glue), DNA polymerases (replication), and lysozyme, cellulase, chitinase, ribonuclease and protease for isolation of DNA.
- Cloning vectors: Plasmids, bacteriophages, viruses, transposons and artificial chromosomes that carry the gene.
- Host organisms: E. coli, Agrobacterium, plant or animal cells that take up and express the rDNA. Together these tools allow a gene to be cut, joined, carried and expressed.
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