Question

Give an account of hormonal control of oogenesis.

Answer 1

Females’ ovarian cycles are governed by hormones released by the hypothalamus, pituitary, and ovaries. The hypothalamic hormone, GnRH (gonadotropin-releasing hormone), stimulates the Release of FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone) and LH (luteinizing hormone) from the anterior pituitary. Similarly, oestrogen and progesterone are released from the developing follicles in the ovaries.

FSH stimulates the formation of eggs, which further develop in structures known as follicles. The follicular cells produce inhibins, which block the formation of FSH. LH also influences the development of the ova, which plays a role in inducing ovulation and promoting oestradiol production. The ovaries produce progesterone.

Estradiol and progesterone are steroid hormones that help prepare for pregnancy. Estradiol, a reproductive hormone in females, has a role in endometrial renewal, ovulation, and calcium absorption. It also influences secondary sexual traits. This includes breast development, hip flare, and a shorter period for bone maturation. Progesterone promotes endometrial regeneration while inhibiting the release of FSH and LH.