Question

Give a tabular representation of the principle of natural selection.

Answer 1

Observations	Deductions or Reasoning
(i) Organisms produce far more offspring than can survive.	Struggle for existence: Many individuals fail to survive or reproduce.
(ii) The total number of individuals in a population remains approximately constant.
(iii) Variations exist in a population.	Survival of the fittest or natural selection: Best-adapted individuals survive and reproduce more successfully.
(iv) Individuals struggle for survival.
(v) Survival and reproduction of the best-adapted individuals.	Origin of new species: Accumulation of favourable variations over generations may lead to the formation of new species.
(vi) Continuously changing environment.