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प्रश्न
Fill in the table to identify the subject, verb and object in the sentences listed above. You may include the object/agent where necessary.
| Subject | Verb | Object |
| Kareena’s hometown |
had not been invaded |
(by) the marvels of technology. |
| Industries | ___________ Was not polluted |
__________ __________ |
| Stories | __________ | __________ |
Did you know?
A passive construction does two things.
(i) it brings the object to the position of the subject.
(ii) it introduces the verb be and the past participle form of the verb. (-ed/ -en)
A passive construction is be used when
(a) the agent is unknown
e.g. Gold jewellery worth one crore was found missing.
(b) the agent is too obvious
e.g. The speeding car was stopped at the signal for violating the traffic rules.
(c) the process is more important than the doer.
e.g. Vanilla flavour is added to the milkshake.
(d) the speaker wants to hide the source for confidentiality.
e.g. I was informed that the staff accept gifts from the customers.
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उत्तर
| Subject | Verb | Object |
| Kareena’s hometown | had not been invaded | (by) the marvels of technology. |
| Industries The air |
had not been set up was not polluted |
by the authorities. by the industries. |
| Stories (told to them by their grandmother) |
were being listened to | by some children. |
APPEARS IN
संबंधित प्रश्न
Following dates were important in Charles Hooper’s life in some way. Complete the table by relating the description with the correct dates:
| Date | Description |
| News spread that Hooper and Duke had made it to an intersection | |
| Hooper walked independently from the clinic to the branch office | |
| Hooper planned to start a full day’s work at office | |
| Duke met with a fatal accident |
Answer the following question:
How did Harold come to know that his father was a boxer?
Answer the following question briefly.
Why did John get off at Coketown?
Answer the following question briefly.
Describe John A. Pescud with reference to the following points:
- Physical appearance
- His philosophy on behaviour
- His profession
- His first impression of his wife
- His success
Complete the web chart showing choices and decisions you may have to make in the next few years and the factors that affect these choices:
Share your choices and decisions with your partner.
What according to you are the stages of a person's life? What characteristics
would you associate with each stage? (e.g., childhood: innocence, joy
Read the following extract and answer the questions that follow by choosing the
correct options.
She sent little Jean to Monseigneur to ask for help.
(a) Who sent little Jean to the Bishop?
(i) Mere Gringoire
(ii) Marie
(iii) Persome
(iv) Marie's mother
(b) Why did she send Jean to the Bishop?
(i) so that he could pray for her.
(ii) as she knew that he was a generous person.
(iii) as she was a greedy woman.
(iv) as she was a poor woman.
During summer vacation, you and your friends decide to enroll in 'The School for Flying'. While training, you had an interesting and unforgettable experience. Here's an account of it. Complete it by using words from A.1.
It was the most amazing summer camp that we had ever been to. My friend Jonathan and I decided to join the flying-school. We underwent rigorous training and gained a lot of expertise, Jonathan in charting the course of flight and I, in flying the plane. 25 May 2010 was the Red Letter Day as we were to fly a plane for nearly half an hour without an instructor. At 6: 15 GMT we took the flight, Jonathan as a (1)............ and I, as the (2) ............ . We remembered all the instructions given to us at the academy and we were (3) ............ signals at frequent intervals. The day was clear but windy. We were (4) ................. hills and were flying along the coast. Suddenly, the weather turned turbulent. We (5)............ our position asking for advice. But unfortunately there was no communication from the other end. All of a sudden, we heard an explosion. The fuel tank of our plane had caught fire due to the lightning. We immediately decided to (6) ............... the plane and donned the (7) .......... that were available. We were blown off 55-60 kms away from the coast and we landed on the outskirts of a dense forest. We were not injured but were hungry and thirsty. We ate some wild fruit hoping it was safe. But unluckily it was disastrous for Jonathan as he had (8) ............ after that. We remembered our instructor's clear and (9)................ instructions in case of an emergency. We discussed various strategies and decided to (10).............. to the core about the life saving strategies. We started exploring the forest. We must have wandered for about an hour or so along the coast, when my eyes suddenly fell on something red in the crevice of a big rock. I went closer to it and to my great happiness and relief I saw a (11) ............. . It was (12).......... away in a cosy nook. Oh! What a relief it was! We were successful in rowing our way back from where we had started. Meanwhile, the coast guards were hunting for us. We had instantly become celebrities!
The Convict goes to Paris, sells the silver candlesticks and starts a business. The
business prospers and he starts a reformatory for ex-convicts. He writes a letter to the
Bishop telling him of this reformatory and seeks his blessings.
As the convict, Jean Valjean, write the letter to the Bishop.
Imagine that you have just returned from Topo Island. The Editor of a local newspaper has asked you to write about your adventure. Write the article.
Some hints :
1) Very briefly, describe how you landed on the island, and the main features of the island.
2) Write about where you set up camp, describe one main adventure, and how you were eventually rescued.
3) Make the adventure part of your story exciting, with lots of action.
4) Include dialogue in the adventure part.
5) Try to create mystery and suspense, as in B.3.
6) Finally, give your adventure story a suitable heading.
7) Your story must be written in paragraphs and should carry your By line.
Comparing Quantities
Study the following graph depicting major exports from Medland in the
current year.
Write a short report on major exports from Medland this year compared with the last year. Use words from the box above. Divide your report into two paragraphs as indicated:
Medland’s Export Trends
On the whole, Medland exported slightly less this year than the last year. Concerning foodstuffs,
_________________________________________________________________
As regards non-edible goods,_____________________________________________
In pairs, match A and B to produce likely phrases.
| A | B |
| A(n)
Some A pair of A piece of |
horse |
There is sometimes more than one sensible combination as in the example.
In each sentence four words are underlined. One of them is incorrect. Pick out the incorrect words and write them in the answer space against the correct number:
- Music therapy use music to improve the patient’s health.
_______________________________ - It is used with individuals of all ages.
_______________________________ - It helps in curing a variety of medical problems as substance abuse and aging.
_______________________________ - It is also used to improve learning and reduces stress,
_______________________________
Look at sentences in Column A. Match them with the appropriate explanation in Column B.
| A | B |
| 1. Next Friday is the 29th of May. |
a. emphasizing that something will happen very soon |
| 2. I’ll have left by the time you get here. |
b. making a promise |
| 3. I’m visiting my uncle on Sunday. |
c. predicting that something will be true at a given time in the future |
| 4. I’ll send the photographs as soon as I can. |
d. stating something which is a certainty |
| 5. The lesson is about to start… hurry! |
e. reporting a decision made earlier |
| 6. The population of our country will increase in the next ten years. |
f. making a prediction about future events |
Work in pain and complete the table of the supernatural theories and logical explanations as presented in 'The Mystery of Bermuda Triangle'.
Look at the following pair of sentences. Underline the modals and discuss why each one is used in that sentence.
e.g.
I must not take those pills. (I’m not allowed.)
I need not take those pills. (It is not compulsory but I may if I wish.)
(b) I needn’t go to the meeting if I don’t wish to.
2. (a) I can swim a length of the pool.
(b) I can swim in the pool on Saturdays.
3. (a) You ought to get a nice present for her.
(b) You have to get a nice present for her.
4. (a) Can I go to the toilet?
(b) May I be excused?
5. (a) I may come tomorrow if I have the time.
(b) I might come tomorrow but it’s going to be difficult.
Did you know?
Modals are a small group of verbs that are used to express possibility,
probability, capability, capacity, ability, obligation and predictions.
Some of the modals you learnt in this unit are
can
may
shall
could
might
should
Need, dare, had better are also modals.
Understanding Modals:
Modal Auxiliaries
A modal verb or auxiliary verb is a verb, which modifies another verb, so that
the modified verb has more intention in its expression. In essence the modal
verb expresses modality, the way in which something is being said.
The main modals are
Can: could; may: might; shall: should; will: would: must; ought to; need to;
have to.
The negative modals are
Couldn't; wouldn't; shouldn't; mustn't; needn't; oughtn't/ ought not to
| Modal | Examples | Uses |
| Can/ can't |
She can read and write It can rain today Can I borrow your pen? Can you lend me your notes? Can I carry your books? |
ability possibility /probability seeking permission request offer |
| Could/ couldn't |
Could I borrow your book? Could you please help me with this sum? We could go for a picnic on Sunday I think you could come first this time There was a time when I could work round the clock. |
seeking permission request suggestion possibility/ probability past ability |
| May |
May I have some water? May I help you? May I shut the door? India may become a super power by 2020. May God bless you |
request offer permission possibility/ probability wish/ desire |
| Might | They might sell their house as they need the money. | future possibility/ probability |
| Will /Won't |
It is very cold so I will stay at home. I will help you if you wish. Will you look after my dog for a day? It will rain tonight. I will get you a shawl from Srinagar. |
intention offer request prediction promise |
| Would/Wouldn't |
Would you mind if I come over tonight? Would five o'clock suit you? Yes it would. Would you pass the salt? Would you come to my party? Would you prefer tea or coffee? |
permission making arrangements request invitation preference
|
| Shall |
Shall I help you? Shall we meet at 3.00 pm outside Bakshi Stadium? |
offer making arrangements |
| Should |
We should check the timings of the train. You should listen to the advice of your elders. |
recommended action advice |
| Ought to |
You ought to do your duty. The bus ought to be here any minute |
advice probability |
| Must/mustn't |
We must make a move now. You mustn't tell lies. |
obligation necessity |
| Need |
He need not go to the market. You need to lose weight. I need to get the groceries. |
necessity compulsion insistence |
(9) Read these instructions from a computer operating manual.
How to start
- Link up the monitor, keyboard and printer.
- Plug in the main cable.
- Switch on the monitor at the back.
- When the light appears on the screen, place the Day Disk in Drive A.
- Push in the disk until the button clicks out.
(It takes about 30 seconds for the computer to load the programme.) - Press the Drive button and the disk shoots out.
- Replace the Day Disk with the Document Disk.
- Press function key 7.
- Start work!
Question 9.1
Convert these instructions into the past passive by filling in the blanks. The first sentence has been completed as an example.
Firstly the monitor keyboard and printer were linked up. Then the __________ was __________. The monitor __________ at the back. When the light appeared on the screen, __________ in Drive A. The disk __________ until __________. It took the computer 30 seconds to load the programme. The Drive button __________ and the disk shot out. The __________ with the Document Disk. Finally, __________
The word processor was then ready to use.
Fill in the blanks with suitable prepositions.
(a) The magician made the girl disappear ___________ my own eyes.
(b) He climbed _________ the ladder.
(c) There is a super market _____ our house.
(d) The train was late _________ 3 hrs.
Class discussion
• Is a biography written in a particular order of events?
• Which is the most common tense?
On the basis of your reading of the exctract on Chess , complete the following table with your partner .
| Figure | Name | Order of importance | Function | Significance |
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