Question

Explain the sources and role of any two macro-nutrients.

Answer 1

1. Carbohydrates:
   1. Sources: Pasta, rice, cereals, bread, milk, fruits, root vegetables, sugar, honey, jaggery; fibre from whole grains, whole pulses, green leafy vegetables, peas, carrot, beans, guava, apple, orange and pineapple.
      Role: Provide energy for working muscles and the brain; enable fat metabolism; prevent protein from being used as energy; fibre helps digestion and bowel movement. Minimum requirement is 130 g per day.
2. Proteins:
   1. Sources: Animal sources; meat, fish, egg, milk, cheese; plant sources; pulses, cereals, nuts, beans and peas.
   2. Role: Build and repair body tissues; form enzymes, hormones and antibodies; transport molecules; provide energy. Daily requirement is 0.83 g per kg body weight; during heavy training it may rise up to 2 g per kg.