Question

Explain the role of ‘Other Backward Classes’ in the Indian politics.

Answer 1

1. Rise of OBC as a Political Force: In the 1990s, Other Backward Classes (OBCs) became a significant political force, particularly following the implementation of the Mandal Commission recommendations.
2. Decline of Congress Support: As the Congress Party’s support among backward castes declined, non-Congress parties such as the Janata Dal gained increased popularity among OBC communities.
3. Mandal Commission Impact: In the 1990s, the National Front government put the Mandal Commission recommendations into effect, reserving 27% of seats for OBCs in educational institutions and government employment. This move increased awareness and political mobilisation among OBCs.
4. Formation of OBC-Based Parties: Several political parties emerged that demanded greater opportunities and a fair share of power for OBCs, thereby increasing their political representation.
5. Regional Assertion: Parties representing OBC interests played an important role in coalition governments such as the United Front and continue to have a strong influence on both regional and national politics.