Question

Explain the Judicial system of the English East India company.

Answer 1

1. In 1772, the Dual Government was abolished and the Company took over the direct responsibility for the collection of revenue as well as the administration of justice.
2. Consequently, Diwani Adalat and Faujdari Adalat were established.
3. By the Regulating Act of 1773, a Supreme Court was set up in Calcutta.
4. This court consisted of a chief justice and three puisne judges who were appointed by the Crown.
5. This court decided civil, criminal, ecclesiastical, and admiralty cases.
6. On the model of the Supreme Court of Calcutta, a Supreme Court was established in Madras in 1801 and in Bombay in 1823.
7. In 1832, William Bentinck started the Jury system in Bengal.
8. The Indian Law Commission was established to compile the laws.
9. The rule of law was established for the whole empire.
10. According to the Indian High Courts Act, 1861, three High Courts were set up in Calcutta, Bombay, and Madras in place of the old Supreme Courts.