Question

Explain the following:

Steps taken for implementing Directive Principles.

Answer 1

1. Constitutional and Legislative Measures: Several laws and constitutional amendments have been enacted to give effect to the Directive Principles. Examples include:
   • The Abolition of Zamindari System and the introduction of land reforms to achieve socio-economic equality.
   • Articles 39(b) and 39(c) were enforced to prevent concentration of wealth and promote equitable distribution of resources.
2. Social Welfare Schemes: A wide range of social welfare programmes have been implemented in line with the DPSPs:
   • Mid-day Meal Scheme to promote Article 47 (nutrition and public health).
   • Employment Guarantee Schemes, such as MGNREGA, under Article 41 (right to work).
   • Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) to improve child nutrition and health.
3. Economic Policies: The government has adopted various planning strategies and economic policies to fulfil economic justice:
   • Five-Year Plans aimed at poverty alleviation, education, and healthcare.
   • Promotion of cottage industries, as outlined in Article 43.
4. Educational Reforms:
   • Right to Education Act (2009), fulfilling Article 45 (free and compulsory education for children up to 14 years of age).
   • Adult education and promotion of education among Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes.
5. Promotion of International Peace: The Directive Principles also emphasise international peace and security (Article 51), which India has supported through:
   • Participation in UN peacekeeping missions.
   • Advocacy for disarmament and peaceful coexistence in international forums.
6. Establishment of Panchayati Raj Institutions: In accordance with Article 40, the 73rd and 74th Amendments were enacted to establish democratic decentralisation through Panchayats and Municipalities.
7. Upliftment of Weaker Sections:
   • Implementation of reservation policies in education and jobs.
   • Financial assistance programmes for Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, and Other Backward Classes.