Question

Explain the Following:

Right to Freedom (Art 19 to 22).

Answer 1

The Right to Freedom is a key part of the Fundamental Rights in the Indian Constitution and is covered under Articles 19 to 22. It guarantees essential freedoms necessary for a democratic life.

• Article 19 provides six freedoms to citizens:

  1. Freedom of speech and expression
  2. Freedom to assemble peacefully
  3. Freedom to form associations or unions
  4. Freedom to move freely throughout India
  5. Freedom to reside and settle anywhere in India
  6. Freedom to practice any profession or carry on any occupation, trade or business

• Article 20 offers protection in respect of conviction for offences, including protection against ex post facto laws, double jeopardy, and self-incrimination.

• Article 21 guarantees the Right to Life and Personal Liberty, which includes the right to live with dignity and personal freedom.

• Article 22 provides protection against arbitrary arrest and detention and includes rights such as being informed of the grounds of arrest, consulting a lawyer, and being produced before a magistrate within 24 hours. It also lays down rules for preventive detention.

Together, these articles form the foundation of individual liberty and democratic rights in India.