Question

Explain the causes of schizophrenia.

Write a brief note on the following:

Biological causes of schizophrenia

Answer 1

• Genetic Factors: Schizophrenia tends to run in families. A person with a close relative (like a parent or sibling) who has schizophrenia has a higher risk of developing the disorder.
• Biochemical Factors: Schizophrenia is thought to be caused by an imbalance in neurotransmitters, specifically dopamine. Overactivity in dopamine pathways can result in symptoms such as hallucinations and delusions. Other neurotransmitters, including serotonin and glutamate, may also play a role.
• Psychosocial Factors: Psychosocial variables, such as stressful life events, poor family communication, childhood trauma, or early emotional abnormalities, may not directly cause schizophrenia but might increase symptoms in those who have a previous history due to biology or genetics.
• Brain Dysfunction: Schizophrenia can lead to structural abnormalities in the brain, including larger ventricles, smaller brain regions (e.g. hippocampus or prefrontal cortex), and damaged connections between brain areas. Such differences can affect normal brain function and contribute to the illness.