Question

Explain operators in PHP with examples.

Answer 1

The operator is a symbol which is used to perform mathematical and logical operations in the programming languages. Different types of operators in PHP are:

• Arithmetic operators:
  The arithmetic operators in PHP perform general arithmetical operations, such as addition, subtraction, multiplication and division etc.

Symbol	Operator Name	Purpose
+	Addition	This operator performs the process of adding numbers
-	Subtraction	This operator performs the process of subtracting numbers
*	Multiplication	This operator performs the process of multiplying numbers
/	Division	This operator performs the process of dividing numbers
%	Modulus	This operator performs the process of finding remainder in division operation of two numbers

• Assignment Operators:
  Assignment operators are performed with numeric values to store a value to a variable. The default assignment operator is “=”. This operator sets the left side operant value of expression to right side variable.

Assignment	Similar to	Description
x = y	x = y	This operator sets the left side operant value of expression to right side variable
x += y	x = x + y	Addition
x -= y	x = x - y	Subtraction
x*= y	x = x*y	Multiplication
x/= y	x=x/y	Division
x %=y	x = x % y	Modulus

• Comparison Operators:
  Comparison operators perform an action to compare two values. These values may contain integer or string data types (Number or Strings).

Symbol	Operator Name	Symbol	Operator Name
==	Equal	>	Greater than
===	Identical	<	Less than
!=	Not equal	>=	Greater than or equal to
<>	Not equal	<=	Less than or equal to
!==	Not identical

• Increment and Decrement Operators:
  Increment and decrement operators are used to perform the task of increasing or decreasing variable’s value. This operator is mostly used during iterations in the program logics.

Operator	Name	Description
++$x	Pre-increment	Increments $x value by one, then returns $x
$x++	Post-increment	Returns $x, then increments $x by one
--$x	Pre-decrement	Decrements $x by one, then returns $x
$x--	Post-decrement	Returns $x, then decrements $x by one

• Logical Operators:
  Logical Operators are used to combine conditional statements.

Symbol	Operator Name	Example	Result
&&	And	$x && $y	True if both $x and $y are true
Il	Or	$x Il $y	True if either $x or Sy is true
!	Not	!$x	True if $x is not true
xor	Xor	$x xor $y	True if either $x or Sy is true, but not both

• String Operators:
  Two operators are used to perform string related operations such as Concatenation and Concatenation assignment (Appends).

Operator	Name	Example	Result
.	Concatenation	$textl . $ text2	Concatenation of $txt1 and $txt2
.=	Concatenation assignment	$textl = $ text2	Appends $txt2 to $txtl