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प्रश्न
Explain the objectives and functions of the SEBI.
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उत्तर
The Securities and Exchange Board of India was established in 1988 in order to encourage an orderly and healthy growth of the securities market. SEBI was set with an overall objective of investor protection and to promote the development and regulation of the functions of the securities market. The following are the listed objectives.
1. Regulation :- The main objective of SEBI was to regulate the functioning of the stock exchange and the securities market. It aims at providing a place where the issuers of securities (i.e. companies) can raise funds in an easy and confident manner.
2. Protection :- SEBI educates the investors by providing them valuable information regarding various securities and companies. It provides them with the guidelines related to efficient investment. It provides them adequate and reliable information about the companies and thereby, helps them in taking wise and informed investment decisions.
3. Prevention :- To combat the malpractice in trading of securities was the basic reason for the establishment of SEBI. Malpractice such as insider trading, violation of rules and regulations, non-adherence to Companies Act, etc. erodes the confidence of investors. SEBI aims at checking these malpractice by creating a balance between the self regulation of a business and the legal statutory regulations.
4. Code of Conduct :- Through efficient regulation, SEBI aims at developing a code of conduct for fair trade practices by intermediaries such as brokers, merchant bankers, underwriters, etc. This helps in making them competitive and professional.
To attain the aforementioned objectives, SEBI perform 3 main functions namely, Regulatory, Development and Protective functions.
The following are the functions performed by SEBI.
1. Regulatory Functions
- Registration:- One of the regulatory functions performed by SEBI is the registration of the brokers, sub-brokers, agents and other players in the market. Registration of collective mutual schemes and Mutual Funds is also done by SEBI.
- Regulating the Work:- SEBI regulates the working of the stock brokers, underwriters, merchant bankers and other market intermediaries. It frames rules and regulations for the working of the intermediaries. SEBI also regulates the takeover bids by the companies. It conducts regular enquires and audits of stock exchange and intermediaries.
- Regulation by Legislation:- SEBI performs and exercise various other powers which are delegated by the Government of India under the Securities Contracts (Regulation) Act, 1956. Besides, it levies fee or other charges for carrying out the purposes of the Act.
2. Development Functions
- Training:- SEBI promotes the training and development of the intermediaries of the securities market in order to promote healthy growth of the securities market.
- Research:- By conducting research in the required and important areas of the securities market, SEBI publishes useful information. This helps the investors and other market players to make wise investment decisions.
- Flexible Approach:- SEBI has adopted a flexible and adaptive approach such permitting internet trading, IPOs, etc. Such measures promote the development of capital market.
3. Protective Functions
- Prohibition:- SEBI prohibits fraudulent and unfair trade practices. It prevents the spreading of misleading and manipulative statements which are likely to affect the working of the securities market. SEBI educates the investors by providing them valuable information regarding various securities and companies so as to enable them to make wise investment decisions.
- Checks on Insider Trading:- Insider trading refers to a situation where an individual connected with the company leaks out crucial information regarding the company. Such information may adversely affect its share prices. SEBI keeps a strict check on such insider trading.
- Promotion and Protection:- SEBI encourage fair trade practices and promotes a code of conduct for the intermediaries. It undertakes step for investor protection and education. It also checks the manipulation of price of securities.
संबंधित प्रश्न
Mr. Vikas Mehra was the Chairman of 'IBM Bank'. The Bank was earning good profits. Shareholders were happy as the bank was paying regular dividends. The market price of their shares was also steadily rising. The bank was about to announce the taking over of 'UK Bank'. Mr. Vikas Mehra knew that the share price of 'IBM Bank' would rise on this announcement. Being a part of the Bank, he was not allowed to buy shares of the bank. He called one of his rich friends Mukand and asked him to invest Rs 4 crores in shares of his bank promising him the capital gains. As expected after the announcement, the share prices went up by 50% and the market price of Mukand's shares was now Rs 6 crores. Mukand earned a profit of Rs 2 crores. He gave Rs 1 crore to Vikas Mehra and kept Rs 1 crore with him. On regular inspection and by conducting enquiries of the brokers involved, Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) was able to detect this irregularity. SEBI imposed a heavy penalty on Vikas Mehra.
Quoting the lines from the above para identify and state any two functions performed by SEBI in the above case.
Mr. Aditya Gupta was the chairman of ‘Vandan Bank’. The Bank was earning good profits. Shareholders were happy as the bank was paying regular dividends. The market price of their shares was also steadily rising. The bank announced taking over of ‘Karur Bank’. Aditya Gupta knew that the share price of Vandan Bank would rise on this announcement. Being a part of the bank, he was not allowed to buy shares of the bank. He called one of his rich friends Nimesh and asked him to invest Rs 6 crores in the shares of his bank promising him the capital gain.
As expected, the share prices went up by 40% and the market price of Nimesh’s shares was now Rs 8.4 crores. He had earned a profit of Rs 2.4 crores. He gave Rs 1.2 crore to Mr. Aditya Gupta and kept Rs 1.2 crore with him. On regular inspection and by conducting enquiries of the brokers involved, Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) was able to detect this irregularity. SEBI imposed a heavy penalty on Aditya Gupta. By quoting the lines from the above para identify and state any two functions that were performed by SEBI in the above case.
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Depository Participant
Select the correct answer from the options given below and rewrite the statement.
________ was established as a statutory body to regulate the securities market in India.
Select the correct answer from the options given below and rewrite the statement.
________ regulates the functioning of Stock Exchange in India.
State any five regulatory functions of the Securities and Exchange Board of India.
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The Securities and Exchange Board of India was established by the Government of India and was given a statutory status in ______.
State the first development bank of the country
Which of the following is/are the 'Developmental Functions' of Securities and Exchange Board of India?
______ debt-equity ratio is preferred by the commercial banker over the years as it indicates financial strength of a unit.
SEBI regulates the securities market in India.
In which securities does SEBI protect investors' interests?
Why does SEBI regulate stock exchanges and securities markets?
Which practices does SEBI seek to prevent as an objective?
For whom does SEBI develop and enforce a code of conduct?
What are the three major functions of SEBI?
What does SEBI promote in the securities market as a protective function?
Which are the two major stock exchanges in India?
On which matters do merchant bankers advise companies?
Through whom do depositories provide their services?
Which burdens does the depository system reduce?
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How do credit rating agencies help borrowers raise funds?
Which combination is a benefit of mutual funds?
What role do mutual funds play under SEBI's regulation?
