Question

Explain any two methods of vectorless gene transfer.

Answer 1

1. Microinjection: Using a tiny glass needle, DNA is injected straight into the target cell's nucleus during microinjection. This technique produces consistent gene transfer and is frequently used in animal cells.
2. Electroporation: By applying an electric field to target cells, electroporation creates transient pores in the cell membrane. After entering the cell through these holes, DNA can integrate into the genome.