Question

Examine any six principles on which the Client Centred Therapy has been developed.

Answer 1

1. Self-Actualising Tendency: This is the ‘master motive’ or natural drive that every person has to grow, reach their full potential, and become the best version of themselves. Therapy serves as a catalyst for tapping into these immense inner resources.
2. Concept of Self (Congruence vs. Incongruence): The therapy’s aim is to bridge the gap between the person’s true self (who they are) and their ideal self (who they wish to be). Maladjustment occurs when there is a large difference (incongruence) between the two, resulting in anxiety or vulnerability.
3. Unconditional Positive Regard (UPR): Regardless of what the client discloses or does, the therapist accepts them completely and without judgment. This provides a safe “emotional resonance” in which the client feels comfortable exploring their feelings without fear of rejection.
4. Empathic Understanding (Accurate Empathy): The therapist attempts to perceive the world through the client’s eyes, understanding their “internal frame of reference” as if it were their own. This is frequently accomplished by reflective responding paraphrasing or clarifying the client’s comments to improve their self-meaning.
5. Genuineness (Congruence): The therapist must be open and transparent in the relationship. This means their interior emotions reflect their outer expressions. By being “real”, the therapist fosters trust and demonstrates appropriate emotional behaviour to the client.
6. Non-Directive Approach: Unlike directive therapies, which provide advice or interpretations, this approach views the client as an expert in their own life. The therapist serves as a facilitator and reflective listener, allowing the client to guide the conversation and find their own solutions.