Question

Distinguish between ionic and covalent compounds under the following properties:

(i) Strength of forces between constituent elements

(ii) Solubility of compounds in water

(iii) Electrical conduction in substances

Answer 1

(i) The forces of attraction between the constituent elements (positive and negative ions) of ionic compounds are stronger than the forces of attraction between the constituent elements of covalent compounds.

(ii) Ionic compounds are soluble in polar solvents such as water and are insoluble in non-polar solvents such as petrol, kerosene, etc.

Covalent compounds on the other hand dissolve readily in organic solvents such as alcohol and acetone, but are insoluble in polar compounds.

(iii) Ionic compounds conduct electricity in their molten state or aqueous form, whereas covalent compounds do not conduct electricity.