Question

Distinguish between demographic transition theory stage first and stage five

Answer 1

Sr. No.	Demographic transition Theory Stage first	Demographic transition Theory Stage five
1.	The first stage is known as the high stationary stage.	Stage five is known as the declining stage.
2.	Both birth rates and death rates are high during this phase, so population growth is stable.	The birth rate is very low and almost equals the death rate.
3.	Birth rates are high because having lots of children is considered to be a good idea. At this stage, the financial position of the country is not developed.	Population growth is minimal or in some countries, could be negative. The population may be reduced because of higher mortality.
4.	Educational opportunities are limited. Fertility rates are high. Families are big. Science and technology are not developed.	In such countries, the number of children is very low, and the elderly are very high. The standard of living is very high. The economic condition of the country and its citizens is very good.
5.	Low sanitation, high occurrence of contagious diseases, lack of medical facilities, and malnutrition are responsible for high death rates. At present, no country falls in this category.	High-quality educational and medical facilities are available. A healthy environment and a pleasant life are preferred. E.g., Sweden, Finland, etc.

Answer 2

Sr. No.	Demographic transition Theory Stage first	Demographic transition Theory Stage five
1.	A stable population due to both high birth rate and high death rate is a key characteristic of the first stage of demographic transition.	A stable population due to both low birth rate and low death rate is a key characteristic of the fifth stage of demographic transition.
2.	Countries passing through the first stage of demographic transition exhibit the following features: (1) Economic backwardness (2) Lack of medical facilities (3) Low life expectancy (4) Low literacy rate (5) Lack of science and technology (6) High proportion of population engaged in primary occupations (7) A very low proportion of population engaged in secondary and tertiary occupations	Countries passing through the fifth stage of demographic transition exhibit the following features: (1) Modern nature of the economy (2) Modern medical facilities (3) High/Maximum life expectancy (4) High/Maximum literacy rate (5) High-quality science and technology facilities (6) Negligible proportion of population engaged in primary occupations (7) A high proportion of population is engaged in secondary and tertiary occupations
3.	At present, no country in the world appears to be in this stage.	At present, countries like Sweden and Finland appear to be passing through this stage.