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प्रश्न
Discuss with your teacher what does ‘a suitable gene’ means, in the context of DNA vaccines.
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उत्तर
A DNA vaccine consists of a suitable gene that encodes an antigenic protein, which is subsequently placed into a plasmid and integrated into the cells of a target animal. The plasmid vaccine, which contains the DNA (gene), enters the nucleus of target cells and creates RNA, which then produces the specific antigenic protein because these proteins are detected as foreign. When they are digested by host cells and exhibited on their surfaces, the immune system is notified, resulting in a variety of immune-related reactions.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
State the cause of adenosine deaminase enzyme deficiency.
Why is secondary immune response more intense than the primary immune response in humans?
Differentiate the following and give examples of Active and passive immunity
Mention the first vaccine developed against any human disease.
Describe the antigen-antibody complex
Suggest a method to ensure an anamnestic response in humans.
An antiviral protein released from infected and dying cells is ______.
Expand the following: SCID
How do cytokine barriers provide innate immunity in humans?
Explain the relationship between B-lymphocytes and T-lymphocytes developing an immune response.
''Abnormally, large numbers of WBCs in the blood are usually an indication of some infection in our body''. Comment on the statement.
Name the following:
The vaccine that helps to produce immunity against polio.
Differentiate between: Innate immunity and acquired immunity
Answer the following question:
The principle of vaccination is based on the property of the "memory" of the immune system. Taking one suitable example, justify the statement.
Mention one application for the following:
Cytokinin-barrier
Immunity acquired after an infection is ______immunity.
What are congenital diseases?
Enlist the four types of T- lymphocytes, responsible for immune response of our body.
Enlist any four barriers that contribute to innate immunity.
Which cells are play a major role in non-specific defence against viral infections and tumors?
Virally infected cells release ______ to protect healthy cells from viral infection.
The type of immunity generated by the transfer of lgA from mother to child is ____________.
The epithelial barrier of the innate immune system is ____________.
____________ are previously sensitized cells which retain the sensitization memory for a long time in the future.
Identify the cells which release the antibodies.
Match column I with column II and choose the correct option.
| Column I | Column II | ||
| i. | Specificity | a. | Lymphocytes produced against each particular foreign molecule |
| ii. | Diversity | b. | Self-cells are not attacked by immune system of the own body |
| iii. | Memory | c. | Immune system works against multiple pathogens |
| iv. | Discrimination between self and non-self | d. | Stronger immune response on second encounter |
______ provides a physical barrier.
