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प्रश्न
Discuss with your teacher what does ‘a suitable gene’ means, in the context of DNA vaccines.
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उत्तर
A DNA vaccine consists of a gene encoding an antigenic protein, which is then inserted into a plasmid and introduced into the cells of a target animal. The plasmid vaccine, which contains the DNA (gene), enters the nucleus of target cells and is transcribed into RNA, which then produces the specific antigenic protein because these proteins are detected as foreign. When they are digested by host cells and presented on their surfaces, the immune system is alerted, triggering a variety of immune responses.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Write a note on ‘artificial acquired active immunity’.
A heavily bleeding and bruised road accident victim was brought to a nursing home. The doctor immediately gave him an injection to protect him against a deadly disease.
- Write what did the doctor inject into the patient’s body.
- How do you think this injection would protect the patient against the disease?
- Name the disease against which this injection was given and the kind of immunity it provides.
Write a note on erythrocytes.
What are the uses of vaccine?
Mention the first vaccine developed against any human disease.
What are interferons?
Expand the following: SCID
Name the following:
The vaccine that helps to produce immunity against polio.
Answer the following question:
The principle of vaccination is based on the property of the "memory" of the immune system. Taking one suitable example, justify the statement.
Mention one application of the following:
Colostrum
What do the abbreviations CMIS denote?
Immunity acquired after an infection is ______immunity.
Which cells are play a major role in non-specific defence against viral infections and tumors?
____________ is a foreign substance capable of stimulating an immune response.
A similar disease generally does not reappear in a child due to the presence of which type of cells?
Coating of bacteria to facilitate subsequent phagocytosis by macrophages is known as ____________.
Toxins released by bacteria like tetanus toxin undergo______.
Which type of T-cells are responsible for producing lymphokines and stimulation of B- cells?
Macrophages coat bacteria to facilitate their subsequent phagocytosis. This process is known as ____________.
All are forms of vaccines, EXCEPT ______.
Which type of immunity is acquired by antigenic stimulus?
Match column I with column II and choose the correct option.
| Column I | Column II | ||
| i. | Specificity | a. | Lymphocytes produced against each particular foreign molecule |
| ii. | Diversity | b. | Self-cells are not attacked by immune system of the own body |
| iii. | Memory | c. | Immune system works against multiple pathogens |
| iv. | Discrimination between self and non-self | d. | Stronger immune response on second encounter |
______ provides a physical barrier.
Innate immunity is ______
Write a short note on Acute Phase Proteins (APPs).
