Question

Describe the transcription of hnRNA to mRNA in Eukaryotes.

Answer 1

The act of transferring genetic information from a template strand of DNA into a corresponding single-stranded RNA is known as transcription. The three phases of transcription are initiation, elongation, and termination.

1. Initiation:
   1. The promoter location is bound by RNA polymerase.
   2. The DNA duplex is then locally split into two strands in the gene’s region as it travels along the DNA.
   3. The only strand that serves as a template is antisense.
2. Elongation:
   1. The exposed bases of the DNA template chain receive the corresponding ribonucleoside triphosphates.
   2. The hybrid DNA-RNA molecule separates and releases the m-RNA molecule as transcription continues.
   3. The transcribed portion of the DNA molecule regains its double helical structure and spiral coiling as the m-RNA develops.
3. Termination: Both the enzyme and freshly created m-RNA (primary transcript) are released when RNA polymerase reaches the terminator spot on the DNA.