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प्रश्न
Define: (i) factor (ii) multiple. Give five examples of each.
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उत्तर
Factor: A factor of a number is an exact divisor of that number.
Multiple: A multiple of a number is a number obtained by multiplying it by a natural number.
Example 1: We know that 15 = 1 × 15 and 15 = 3 × 5
∴ 1, 3, 5, and 15 are the factors of 15.
In other words, we can say that 15 is a multiple of 1, 3, 5 and 15.
Example 2: We know that 8 = 8 × 1, 8 = 2 × 4 and 8 = 4 × 2
∴ 1, 2, 4, and 8 are the factors of 8.
In other words, we can say that 8 is a multiple of 1, 2, 4 and 8.
Example 3: We know that 30 = 30 × 1, 30 = 5 × 6 and 30 = 6 × 5
∴ 1, 5, 6, and 30 are factors of 30.
In other words, we can say that 30 is a multiple of 1, 5, 6, and 30.
Example 4: We know that 20 = 20 × 1, 20 = 4 × 5 and 20 = 5 × 4
∴ 1, 4, 5, and 20 are factors of 20.
In other words, we can say that 20 is a multiple of 1, 4, 5 and 20.
Example 5: We know that 10 = 10 × 1, 10 = 2 × 5 and 10 = 5 × 2
∴ 1, 2, 5, and 10 are factors of 10.
In other words, we can say that 10 is a multiple of 1, 2, 5 and 10.
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If a divide b and c completely, then a divides
(i) a + b
(ii) a – b
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Write five three-digit numbers that are multiples of 2.
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Write down the first 5 multiples of the given number.
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12 = 4 × 3, so 12 is a multiple of both 4 and 3. 12 is also a multiple of 6 and 2, as well as 12 and 1. We say 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12 are factors of 12.
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