Question

Classify and explain the soil.

Answer 1

Soil are classified on the basis of their formation, colour, physical and chemical properties Based on these, soil is classified into six major types. They are:

• Allivial Soil:

1. It found in the regions of river valleys, flood plains, and coastal regions.
2. It is formed by the disposition of silt by the running water. It is suitable for the cultivation of sugarcane, jute, rice, wheat, and other food crops.

• Black Soil:

1. These soils are formed by weathering of igneous rocks.
2. It is ideal for growing cotton.

• Red Soil:

1. It is formed by weathering of metamorphic and crystalline rocks.
2. The presence of iron oxide makes this soil red in colour. It is suitable for millet cultivation.

• Laterite soil:

1. It is formed by the process of leaching.
2. It is found in tropical region.
3. It is suitable for the cultivation of tea and coffee.

• Mountain soil:

1. These soils are found over the slopes of mountain.
2. Soils in these regions are thin and acidic.
3. It differs from region to region based on the altitude.

• Desert soil:
  There are the sandy soil found in the hot desert regions.
  These soils are porous and saline. It is infertile for agriculture.