Question

Briefly explain about mutation.

Answer 1

Definition: A mutation is a sudden, spontaneous, and permanent alteration in the chemical structure of a gene or chromosome that changes the genetic blueprint.

Causes: They are triggered by accidental replication errors or environmental agents called mutagens, such as UV radiation, X-rays, and certain chemicals.

Significance:

• Mutations produce entirely new alleles, serving as the raw material for evolutionary variation.
• While some mutations are neutral or beneficial, many lead to structural changes causing harmful diseases or mutant disorders.