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प्रश्न
Why does carbon form compounds mainly by covalent bonding?
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उत्तर
Carbon has the property of tetravalency, so it mainly forms covalent bonds. Since carbon is an element with atomic number 6, its electronic configuration is (2,4). This means there are 4 valence electrons in its outermost shell, and it can either gain 4 electrons or lose 4 electrons to attain the inert gas configuration for becoming stable. As the atoms of carbon are of extremely small size, the nucleus exerts a great force of attraction on the outermost electrons to hold them tightly. This makes it difficult to remove or add electrons to its structure. Therefore, it attains the inert gas configuration by the sharing of electrons in the outermost shell. As the inert gas configuration is attained by the sharing of electrons, carbon forms compounds always by covalent bonding.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Elements forming ionic compounds attain noble gas configuration by either gaining or losing electrons from their outermost shells. Give reason to explain why carbon cannot attain noble gas configuration in this manner to form its compounds.
Explain the formation of a chlorine molecule on the basis of electronic theory of valency.
Using electron-dot diagrams which show only the outermost shell electrons, show how a molecule of nitrogen, N2, is formed from two nitrogen atoms. What name is given to this type of bonding? (Atomic number of nitrogen is 7)
Describe the structure of graphite with the help of a labelled diagram.
Why is graphite a good conductor of electricity but diamond is a non-conductor of electricity?
The electronic configurations of two elements A and B are given below:
| A | 2, 6 |
| B | 2, 8, 1 |
(a) What type of chemical bond is formed between the two atoms of A?
(b) What type of chemical bond will be formed between the atoms of A and B?
Elements forming ionic compounds attain noble gas electronic configuration by either gaining or losing electrons from their valence shells. Explain giving reason why carbon cannot attain such a configuration in this manner to form its compounds. Name the type of bonds formed in ionic compounds and in the compounds formed by carbon. Also explain the reason why carbon compounds are generally poor conductors of electricity.
Draw all possile structural formulae of compound from their molecular formula given below.
C3H4
The carbon compound is used in daily life is ______.
Give examples for the following:
Two gaseous polar compounds.
Give reason as to why hydrogen chloride can be termed as a polar covalent compound.
Compound X consists of molecules.
Choose the letter corresponding to the correct answer from the options A, B, C and D given below:
X is likely to have a ______.
Electrons are getting added to an element Y:
which electrode will Y migrate to during the process of electrolysis?
Draw the electron dot diagram and structure of nitrogen molecule.
Your body is made up of carbon.
Complete the following activity.
Write the names of the hydrocarbons for the following structural formula.
(isobutylene, cyclohexane, propene, cyclohexene, cyclopentane, benzene, propyne, isobutane, propane)
| \[\begin{array}{cc}\ce{H}\phantom{...}\ce{H}\phantom{...}\ce{H}\\ |\phantom{....}|\phantom{....}|\\\ce{H - C - C - C - H}\\ |\phantom{....}|\phantom{....}|\\\ce{H}\phantom{...}\ce{H}\phantom{...}\ce{H} \end{array}\] |
Cation is formed when ______.
Mineral acids are stronger acids than carboxylic acids because
- mineral acids are completely ionised
- carboxylic acids are completely ionised
- mineral acids are partially ionised
- carboxylic acids are partially ionised
