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प्रश्न
Assign four trucks 1, 2, 3 and 4 to vacant spaces A, B, C, D, E and F so that distance travelled is minimized. The matrix below shows the distance.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | |
| A | 4 | 7 | 3 | 7 |
| B | 8 | 2 | 5 | 5 |
| C | 4 | 9 | 6 | 9 |
| D | 7 | 5 | 4 | 8 |
| E | 6 | 3 | 5 | 4 |
| F | 6 | 8 | 7 | 3 |
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उत्तर
Since the number of columns is less than the number of rows, the given assignment problem is unbalanced one.
To balance it, introduce two dummy columns with all the entries zeros.
The revised assignment problem is
| Trucks | |||||
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | ||
| A | 4 | 7 | 3 | 7 | |
| B | 8 | 2 | 5 | 5 | |
| Vacant Spaces | C | 4 | 9 | 6 | 9 |
| D | 7 | 5 | 4 | 8 | |
| E | 6 | 3 | 5 | 4 | |
| F | 6 | 8 | 7 | 3 | |
Here only 4 tasks can be assigned to 4 vacant spaces.
Step 1: It is not necessary, since each row contains zero entry. Go to step 2.
| Trucks | |||||||
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | d1 | d2 | ||
| A | 0 | 5 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | |
| B | 4 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
| Vacant Spaces | C | 0 | 7 | 3 | 6 | 0 | 0 |
| D | 3 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 0 | 0 | |
| E | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| F | 2 | 6 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Step 3: (Assignment)
Since each row contains more than one zeros. Go to step 4.
Step 4: Examine the columns with exactly one zero, mark the zero by □ Mark other zeros in its rows by X.
| Trucks | |||||||
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | d1 | d2 | ||
| A | 0 | 5 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | |
| B | 4 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
| Vacant Spaces | C | 0 | 7 | 3 | 6 | 0 | 0 |
| D | 3 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 0 | 0 | |
| E | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| F | 2 | 6 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Trucks | |||||||
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | d1 | d2 | ||
| A | 0 | 5 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | |
| B | 4 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
| Vacant Spaces | C | 0 | 7 | 3 | 6 | 0 | 0 |
| D | 3 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 0 | 0 | |
| E | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| F | 2 | 6 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Step 5: Here all the four assignments have been made we can assign d1 for D then we will get d2 for E.
| Trucks | |||||||
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | d1 | d2 | ||
| A | 0 | 5 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | |
| B | 4 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
| Vacant Spaces | C | 0 | 7 | 3 | 6 | 0 | 0 |
| D | 3 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 0 | 0 | |
| E | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| F | 2 | 6 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
The optimal assignment schedule and total distance is
| Vacant | Trucks | Total distances |
| A | 3 | 3 |
| B | 2 | 2 |
| C | 1 | 4 |
| D | d1 | 0 |
| E | d2 | 0 |
| F | 4 | 3 |
| Total | 12 | |
∴ The Optimum Distant (minimum) = 12 units.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Determine `l_92 and l_93, "given that" l_91 = 97, d_91 = 38 and q_92 = 27/59`
In a factory there are six jobs to be performed each of which should go through two machines A and B in the order A - B. The processing timing (in hours) for the jobs arc given here. You are required to determine the sequence for performing the jobs that would minimize the total elapsed time T. What is the value of T? Also find the idle time for machines · A and B.
| Jobs | J1 | J2 | J3 | J4 | J5 | J6 |
| Machine A | 1 | 3 | 8 | 5 | 6 | 3 |
| MAchine B | 5 | 6 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 10 |
Fill in the blank :
When an assignment problem has more than one solution, then it is _______ optimal solution.
Solve the following problem :
A plant manager has four subordinates, and four tasks to be performed. The subordinates differ in efficiency and the tasks differ in their intrinsic difficulty. This estimate of the time each man would take to perform each task is given in the effectiveness matrix below.
| I | II | III | IV | |
| A | 7 | 25 | 26 | 10 |
| B | 12 | 27 | 3 | 25 |
| C | 37 | 18 | 17 | 14 |
| D | 18 | 25 | 23 | 9 |
How should the tasks be allocated, one to a man, as to minimize the total man hours?
Choose the correct alternative:
When an assignment problem has more than one solution, then it is ______
State whether the following statement is True or False:
The objective of an assignment problem is to assign number of jobs to equal number of persons at maximum cost
A departmental head has four subordinates and four tasks to be performed. The subordinates differ in efficiency and the tasks differ in their intrinsic difficulty. His estimates of the time each man would take to perform each task is given below:
| Tasks | |||||
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | ||
| Subordinates | P | 8 | 26 | 17 | 11 |
| Q | 13 | 28 | 4 | 26 | |
| R | 38 | 19 | 18 | 15 | |
| S | 9 | 26 | 24 | 10 | |
How should the tasks be allocated to subordinates so as to minimize the total manhours?
Five wagons are available at stations 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5. These are required at 5 stations I, II, III, IV and V. The mileage between various stations are given in the table below. How should the wagons be transported so as to minimize the mileage covered?
| I | II | III | IV | V | |
| 1 | 10 | 5 | 9 | 18 | 11 |
| 2 | 13 | 9 | 6 | 12 | 14 |
| 3 | 7 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 5 |
| 4 | 18 | 9 | 12 | 17 | 15 |
| 5 | 11 | 6 | 14 | 19 | 10 |
A job production unit has four jobs P, Q, R, S which can be manufactured on each of the four machines I, II, III and IV. The processing cost of each job for each machine is given in the following table :
| Job | Machines (Processing cost in ₹) |
|||
| I | II | III | IV | |
| P | 31 | 25 | 33 | 29 |
| Q | 25 | 24 | 23 | 21 |
| R | 19 | 21 | 23 | 24 |
| S | 38 | 36 | 34 | 40 |
Complete the following activity to find the optimal assignment to minimize the total processing cost.
Solution:
Step 1: Subtract the smallest element in each row from every element of it. New assignment matrix is obtained as follows :
| Job | Machines (Processing cost in ₹) |
|||
| I | II | III | IV | |
| P | 6 | 0 | 8 | 4 |
| Q | 4 | 3 | 2 | 0 |
| R | 0 | 2 | 4 | 5 |
| S | 4 | 2 | 0 | 6 |
Step 2: Subtract the smallest element in each column from every element of it. New assignment matrix is obtained as above, because each column in it contains one zero.
Step 3: Draw minimum number of vertical and horizontal lines to cover all zeros:
| Job | Machines (Processing cost in ₹) |
|||
| I | II | III | IV | |
| P | 6 | 0 | 8 | 4 |
| Q | 4 | 3 | 2 | 0 |
| R | 0 | 2 | 4 | 5 |
| S | 4 | 2 | 0 | 6 |
Step 4: From step 3, as the minimum number of straight lines required to cover all zeros in the assignment matrix equals the number of rows/columns. Optimal solution has reached.
Examine the rows one by one starting with the first row with exactly one zero is found. Mark the zero by enclosing it in (`square`), indicating assignment of the job. Cross all the zeros in the same column. This step is shown in the following table :
| Job | Machines (Processing cost in ₹) |
|||
| I | II | III | IV | |
| P | 6 | 0 | 8 | 4 |
| Q | 4 | 3 | 2 | 0 |
| R | 0 | 2 | 4 | 5 |
| S | 4 | 2 | 0 | 6 |
Step 5: It is observed that all the zeros are assigned and each row and each column contains exactly one assignment. Hence, the optimal (minimum) assignment schedule is :
| Job | Machine | Min.cost |
| P | II | `square` |
| Q | `square` | 21 |
| R | I | `square` |
| S | III | 34 |
Hence, total (minimum) processing cost = 25 + 21 + 19 + 34 = ₹`square`
A plant manager has four subordinates and four tasks to perform. The subordinates differ in efficiency and task differ in their intrinsic difficulty. Estimates of the time subordinate would take to perform tasks are given in the following table:
| I | II | III | IV | |
| A | 3 | 11 | 10 | 8 |
| B | 13 | 2 | 12 | 2 |
| C | 3 | 4 | 6 | 1 |
| D | 4 | 15 | 4 | 9 |
Complete the following activity to allocate tasks to subordinates to minimize total time.
Solution:
Step I: Subtract the smallest element of each row from every element of that row:
| I | II | III | IV | |
| A | 0 | 8 | 7 | 5 |
| B | 11 | 0 | 10 | 0 |
| C | 2 | 3 | 5 | 0 |
| D | 0 | 11 | 0 | 5 |
Step II: Since all column minimums are zero, no need to subtract anything from columns.
Step III: Draw the minimum number of lines to cover all zeros.
| I | II | III | IV | |
| A | 0 | 8 | 7 | 5 |
| B | 11 | 0 | 10 | 0 |
| C | 2 | 3 | 5 | 0 |
| D | 0 | 11 | 0 | 5 |
Since minimum number of lines = order of matrix, optimal solution has been reached
Optimal assignment is A →`square` B →`square`
C →IV D →`square`
Total minimum time = `square` hours.
