Question

Answer the following question with the help of the given point:

Write information about the First World War:

First World War and India

Answer 1

First World War and India: 

1. The British forced India, then under colonial rule, to take part in World War I without considering whether the Indian people agreed or not.
2. India became a supplier of money, food, clothing, and other resources needed for the war. In 1919–20 alone, British India contributed Rs. 19 billion to Britain’s war efforts.
3. Seventeen Indian soldiers were awarded the Victoria Cross, a prestigious medal for bravery in battle.
4. India played a key role by providing trained manpower and various war-related supplies, including ammunition, weapons, textiles, jute, tents, ships, timber, railway tracks, and transport goods. By the end of 1918, supplies worth Rs. 1.4 billion had been sent from India.
5. World War I had a broad impact on Indian society and economy. It influenced industries, trade, economic policies, transportation systems, agriculture, fuel supply, and military logistics.
6. The war acted as a catalyst for India’s industrial development. Industries like iron, steel, coal, and mining expanded. After the war, there was notable progress in motor transport, and the number of vehicles increased.
7. Both during and after the war, Indian exports declined, resulting in losses of around Rs. 33 crores. Agricultural prices fell, but industrial goods became pricier. A large quantity of Indian food grains was sent to England and its allies, causing domestic shortages and rising food prices in India.
8. India’s participation in the war had both positive and negative effects. Indian soldiers and leaders gained knowledge about modern military strategies.
9. Despite widespread poverty, many Indians volunteered to join the army. Around 11 lakh Hindi-speaking soldiers fought, giving strong support to the British military. Additionally, India contributed Rs. 150 crore towards war expenses.
10. The Tata Iron and Steel Company (TISCO) played a crucial role by producing around 1,500 miles of railway tracks, which were essential for moving troops and artillery. This demand, especially for British operations in Europe and Iraq, boosted TISCO’s growth and proved India’s industrial capabilities.
11. During the war, many Indians began migrating to countries like Canada and the United States.