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प्रश्न
A, B and C were partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 1 : 3 : 2. They decided that with effect from 1st April, 2026, they will share profits in the ratio of 4: 6 : 5. For this purpose the goodwill of the firm is valued at the total of preceding three years' profits. The profits were:
| ₹ | |
| 2021-22 | 40,000 |
| 2022-23 | 10,000 (Loss) |
| 2023-24 | 80,000 (Loss) |
| 2024-25 | 1,20,000 |
| 2025-26 | 1,40,000 |
Reserves and Profits appeared in the balance sheet at ₹ 40,000 and ₹ 30,000 respectively. Partners do not want to distribute the reserves and profits appearing in the balance sheet. Pass a single journal entry to record the change.
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उत्तर
Old profit-sharing ratio:
A : B : C = 1 : 3 : 2
New profit-sharing ratio:
A : B : C = 4 : 6 : 5
| Journal Entry | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Date | Particulars | L.F. | Dr. ₹ | Cr. ₹ |
| A’s Capital A/c Dr. | 25,000 | |||
| To B’s Capital A/c | 25,000 | |||
| (Being adjustment made for goodwill, reserves and accumulated profits due to change in profit-sharing ratio without distributing the reserves and profits.) | ||||
Working Note:
1. Value of Goodwill
The change takes effect from 1 April 2026, so the preceding three years are:
2023–24: Loss ₹ 80,000
2024–25: Profit ₹ 1,20,000
2025–26: Profit ₹ 1,40,000
Goodwill is valued at the total of preceding three years’ profits:
−₹ 80,000 + ₹ 1,20,000 + ₹ 1,40,000 = ₹ 1,80,000
2. Reserves and Profits
Reserve:
₹ 40,000
Accumulated Profit:
₹ 30,000
Total:
₹ 40,000 + ₹ 30,000 = ₹ 70,000
3. Total Amount for Adjustment
₹ 1,80,000 + ₹ 70,000 = ₹ 2,50,000
4. Gain or Sacrifice
A:
`1/6 - 4/15 = 5/30 - 8/30 = -3/30`
Therefore, A gains: `1/10`
B:
`3/6 - 6/15 = 1/2 - 2/5 = 1/10`
Therefore, B sacrifices `1/10`
C:
`2/6 - 5/15 = 1/3 - 1/3 = 0`
C neither gains nor sacrifices.
5. Adjustment Amount
`2,50,000 xx 1/10 = 25,000`
Hence:
A Dr. ₹ 25,000 and B Cr. ₹ 25,000
