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CISCE: Class 12
Definition: Hydrosere
Succession initiating in ponds, pools, lakes or elsewhere in water is called hydrosere (hydrarch).
CISCE: Class 12
Key Points: Hydrosere
| Stage | Plant Community (Dominant Plants) | Major Changes / Features |
|---|---|---|
| Phytoplankton stage | Blue-green algae, green algae, diatoms, bacteria | Pioneer stage; organic matter accumulation begins |
| Submerged stage | Chara, Hydrilla, Vallisneria, Potamogeton | Mud formation; water becomes shallow |
| Floating stage | Nymphaea, Nelumbo, Trapa, Azolla, Lemna | Floating plants reduce water depth |
| Reed-swamp stage | Typha, Sagittaria, Rumex | Water depth < 1 m; marsh formation |
| Sedge-meadow stage | Carex, Cyperus, Juncus | Soil dries; grassland conditions develop |
| Woodland stage | Shrubs and small trees | Humus accumulation; terrestrial habitat |
| Forest (climax) stage | Forest trees | Stable climax community (climate-controlled) |
