CUET (UG) entrance exam Question Bank Solutions for English

Venus, the hottest planet in the solar system, has not enjoyed as much recent attention as Mars, as far as space missions are concerned. With surface temperatures of above 460° Celsius that can melt even a metal like lead, and a heavy atmosphere of carbon dioxide, the planet was considered hostile to life. This despite, it is similar in size to the Earth and rocky, so much so that it is often called the Earth's "sister planet". There was some excitement when the European Space Agency's mission, Venus Express, found signs of ozone, made of three oxygen atoms and considered a biomarker, in the upper atmosphere of Venus, in 2011. But the recent discovery of traces of phosphine, another biomarker, in its atmosphere has just given the search for extraterrestrial life a shot in the arm. Phosphine, a compound of one phosphorous atom and three hydrogen atoms, is given out by some microbes during biochemical processes. In an atmosphere rich in carbon dioxide, it is likely to get destroyed soon. However, the researchers estimate that phosphine forms about 20 parts per billion of Venus's atmosphere. This fact, when added to the hostile conditions on its surface, yields tantalising possibilities - of phosphine's survival through extraordinary chemistry and thermodynamics or the stubborn triumph of biology and life.

This finding was the result of years of careful study by a team of international astronomers led by Jane S. Greaves of Cardiff University and was announced in a paper published in Nature Astronomy. Prof. Greaves first identified phosphine in Venus's atmosphere in 2017, using the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope in Hawaii. Further study and precise observations using the Atacama Large Millimeter/sub-millimetre Array facility in Chile confirmed the suspicions of the researchers in 2019. The very caution exercised by the researchers in announcing the fact underlines the lack of knowledge about these systems and the need to make sure before celebrating the discovery of extra-terrestrial life.

Venus, the hottest planet in the solar system, has not enjoyed as much recent attention as Mars, as far as space missions are concerned. With surface temperatures of above 460° Celsius that can melt even a metal like lead, and a heavy atmosphere of carbon dioxide, the planet was considered hostile to life. This despite, it is similar in size to the Earth and rocky, so much so that it is often called the Earth's "sister planet". There was some excitement when the European Space Agency's mission, Venus Express, found signs of ozone, made of three oxygen atoms and considered a biomarker, in the upper atmosphere of Venus, in 2011. But the recent discovery of traces of phosphine, another biomarker, in its atmosphere has just given the search for extraterrestrial life a shot in the arm. Phosphine, a compound of one phosphorous atom and three hydrogen atoms, is given out by some microbes during biochemical processes. In an atmosphere rich in carbon dioxide, it is likely to get destroyed soon. However, the researchers estimate that phosphine forms about 20 parts per billion of Venus's atmosphere. This fact, when added to the hostile conditions on its surface, yields tantalising possibilities - of phosphine's survival through extraordinary chemistry and thermodynamics or the stubborn triumph of biology and life.

This finding was the result of years of careful study by a team of international astronomers led by Jane S. Greaves of Cardiff University and was announced in a paper published in Nature Astronomy. Prof. Greaves first identified phosphine in Venus's atmosphere in 2017, using the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope in Hawaii. Further study and precise observations using the Atacama Large Millimeter/sub-millimetre Array facility in Chile confirmed the suspicions of the researchers in 2019. The very caution exercised by the researchers in announcing the fact underlines the lack of knowledge about these systems and the need to make sure before celebrating the discovery of extra-terrestrial life.

Venus, the hottest planet in the solar system, has not enjoyed as much recent attention as Mars, as far as space missions are concerned. With surface temperatures of above 460° Celsius that can melt even a metal like lead, and a heavy atmosphere of carbon dioxide, the planet was considered hostile to life. This despite, it is similar in size to the Earth and rocky, so much so that it is often called the Earth's "sister planet". There was some excitement when the European Space Agency's mission, Venus Express, found signs of ozone, made of three oxygen atoms and considered a biomarker, in the upper atmosphere of Venus, in 2011. But the recent discovery of traces of phosphine, another biomarker, in its atmosphere has just given the search for extraterrestrial life a shot in the arm. Phosphine, a compound of one phosphorous atom and three hydrogen atoms, is given out by some microbes during biochemical processes. In an atmosphere rich in carbon dioxide, it is likely to get destroyed soon. However, the researchers estimate that phosphine forms about 20 parts per billion of Venus's atmosphere. This fact, when added to the hostile conditions on its surface, yields tantalising possibilities - of phosphine's survival through extraordinary chemistry and thermodynamics or the stubborn triumph of biology and life.

This finding was the result of years of careful study by a team of international astronomers led by Jane S. Greaves of Cardiff University and was announced in a paper published in Nature Astronomy. Prof. Greaves first identified phosphine in Venus's atmosphere in 2017, using the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope in Hawaii. Further study and precise observations using the Atacama Large Millimeter/sub-millimetre Array facility in Chile confirmed the suspicions of the researchers in 2019. The very caution exercised by the researchers in announcing the fact underlines the lack of knowledge about these systems and the need to make sure before celebrating the discovery of extra-terrestrial life.

Bronnie Ware is a nurse in Australia. She has spent more than a decade of counselling dying people. Over that time span, she began recording the top regrets that people have on their death bed.

After 12 years, she concluded that the most common regret of all was this:

"I wish I'd had the courage to live a life true to myself, not the life others expected of me."

Why is this such a common dying regret at the end of our lives? And how can you make sure that you don't end up feeling the same way?

If you're reading this, then you probably have the power to make decisions in your daily life. It's rare that we are actually forced to live in a way that we don't want to live (thankfully). But somehow, many of us still end up wishing we had lived in a way that was more true to ourselves.

Here's why I believe this happens:

Anytime I find myself feeling stuck in neutral, it's usually the result of not having a clear target. I find myself doing work without defining what the work should actually be or hoping for a change without determining the underlying actions that would lead to it. In other words, I'm not being clear about what I care about and how I can get there. More on this in a moment.

Here's the result:

If you never draw a line in the sand and clarify what is really important to you, then you'll end up doing what's expected of you. When you don't have a clear purpose driving you forward, you default to doing what other people approve of. We're not sure what we really want, and so we do what we think other people want.

The grey areas in life usually arise when we haven't decided what we believe.

This is the position I think we all find ourselves in from time to time. And it's one reason why I think many of us end up living the life others expect us to live instead of a life that is true to ourselves.

I think often about how I can get better at living with purpose and how I can live an important life instead of an urgent one. When it comes to being clear about what I'm doing and why I'm doing it, I like to use a technique that I call the Bullseye Method.

"If you didn't know where the target was located, you would never fire an arrow and expect to hit the bullseye."

And yet, we often live our lives this way. We wake up and face the world day after day (we keep firing arrows), but we are focused on everything except the bullseye.

Bronnie Ware is a nurse in Australia. She has spent more than a decade of counselling dying people. Over that time span, she began recording the top regrets that people have on their death bed.

After 12 years, she concluded that the most common regret of all was this:

"I wish I'd had the courage to live a life true to myself, not the life others expected of me."

Why is this such a common dying regret at the end of our lives? And how can you make sure that you don't end up feeling the same way?

If you're reading this, then you probably have the power to make decisions in your daily life. It's rare that we are actually forced to live in a way that we don't want to live (thankfully). But somehow, many of us still end up wishing we had lived in a way that was more true to ourselves.

Here's why I believe this happens:

Anytime I find myself feeling stuck in neutral, it's usually the result of not having a clear target. I find myself doing work without defining what the work should actually be or hoping for a change without determining the underlying actions that would lead to it. In other words, I'm not being clear about what I care about and how I can get there. More on this in a moment.

Here's the result:

If you never draw a line in the sand and clarify what is really important to you, then you'll end up doing what's expected of you. When you don't have a clear purpose driving you forward, you default to doing what other people approve of. We're not sure what we really want, and so we do what we think other people want.

The grey areas in life usually arise when we haven't decided what we believe.

This is the position I think we all find ourselves in from time to time. And it's one reason why I think many of us end up living the life others expect us to live instead of a life that is true to ourselves.

I think often about how I can get better at living with purpose and how I can live an important life instead of an urgent one. When it comes to being clear about what I'm doing and why I'm doing it, I like to use a technique that I call the Bullseye Method.

"If you didn't know where the target was located, you would never fire an arrow and expect to hit the bullseye."

And yet, we often live our lives this way. We wake up and face the world day after day (we keep firing arrows), but we are focused on everything except the bullseye.

Bronnie Ware is a nurse in Australia. She has spent more than a decade of counselling dying people. Over that time span, she began recording the top regrets that people have on their death bed.

After 12 years, she concluded that the most common regret of all was this:

"I wish I'd had the courage to live a life true to myself, not the life others expected of me."

Why is this such a common dying regret at the end of our lives? And how can you make sure that you don't end up feeling the same way?

If you're reading this, then you probably have the power to make decisions in your daily life. It's rare that we are actually forced to live in a way that we don't want to live (thankfully). But somehow, many of us still end up wishing we had lived in a way that was more true to ourselves.

Here's why I believe this happens:

Anytime I find myself feeling stuck in neutral, it's usually the result of not having a clear target. I find myself doing work without defining what the work should actually be or hoping for a change without determining the underlying actions that would lead to it. In other words, I'm not being clear about what I care about and how I can get there. More on this in a moment.

Here's the result:

If you never draw a line in the sand and clarify what is really important to you, then you'll end up doing what's expected of you. When you don't have a clear purpose driving you forward, you default to doing what other people approve of. We're not sure what we really want, and so we do what we think other people want.

The grey areas in life usually arise when we haven't decided what we believe.

This is the position I think we all find ourselves in from time to time. And it's one reason why I think many of us end up living the life others expect us to live instead of a life that is true to ourselves.

I think often about how I can get better at living with purpose and how I can live an important life instead of an urgent one. When it comes to being clear about what I'm doing and why I'm doing it, I like to use a technique that I call the Bullseye Method.

"If you didn't know where the target was located, you would never fire an arrow and expect to hit the bullseye."

And yet, we often live our lives this way. We wake up and face the world day after day (we keep firing arrows), but we are focused on everything except the bullseye.

Bronnie Ware is a nurse in Australia. She has spent more than a decade of counselling dying people. Over that time span, she began recording the top regrets that people have on their death bed.

After 12 years, she concluded that the most common regret of all was this:

"I wish I'd had the courage to live a life true to myself, not the life others expected of me."

Why is this such a common dying regret at the end of our lives? And how can you make sure that you don't end up feeling the same way?

If you're reading this, then you probably have the power to make decisions in your daily life. It's rare that we are actually forced to live in a way that we don't want to live (thankfully). But somehow, many of us still end up wishing we had lived in a way that was more true to ourselves.

Here's why I believe this happens:

Anytime I find myself feeling stuck in neutral, it's usually the result of not having a clear target. I find myself doing work without defining what the work should actually be or hoping for a change without determining the underlying actions that would lead to it. In other words, I'm not being clear about what I care about and how I can get there. More on this in a moment.

Here's the result:

If you never draw a line in the sand and clarify what is really important to you, then you'll end up doing what's expected of you. When you don't have a clear purpose driving you forward, you default to doing what other people approve of. We're not sure what we really want, and so we do what we think other people want.

The grey areas in life usually arise when we haven't decided what we believe.

This is the position I think we all find ourselves in from time to time. And it's one reason why I think many of us end up living the life others expect us to live instead of a life that is true to ourselves.

I think often about how I can get better at living with purpose and how I can live an important life instead of an urgent one. When it comes to being clear about what I'm doing and why I'm doing it, I like to use a technique that I call the Bullseye Method.

"If you didn't know where the target was located, you would never fire an arrow and expect to hit the bullseye."

And yet, we often live our lives this way. We wake up and face the world day after day (we keep firing arrows), but we are focused on everything except the bullseye.

At exactly 9 : 27 p.m., when dusk slips into darkness in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, the "light show" begins. It's June, and for two weeks in Elkmont, Tennessee, the fireflies pool their efforts. Instead of scattershot blips of light in the summer sky, the fireflies-thousands of them-pulse together in eerie, quiet harmony. It's as if the trees were strung up with Christmas lights : bright for three seconds, dark for six, and then bright again, over and over. It continues this way for hours.

As a child, Lynn Faust would huddle with her family on the cabin porch to watch the spectacle. They'd sit, mesmerized by the "drumbeat with no sound." And though they'd appreciated the show for generations, Faust never thought the event was newsworthy. "I'd assumed there was only one kind of firefly and thought they did a nice show in the Smokies," she says.

The natural world has long enchanted Faust. In college, she majored in forensic anthropology and minored in forestry. In her twenties, she circumnavigated the globe for three years, visiting islands you could only get to by boat, learning about cultures before they disappeared, pursuing underwater photography. Today, in her 60s, she's a naturalist who writes scientific papers and field guides about fireflies. But she wasn't always obsessed with the insect. In fact, her academic interest began only in the '90s, when she read an article by Steven Strogatz, a Cornell mathematician, in which he marvelled at a species of Southeast Asian firefly that synchronized its flashes. Highlighting how rare this phenomenon was, Strogatz noted that there were no synchronous fireflies in the Western Hemisphere.

This struck Faust as odd. It contradicted the light shows she had seen growing up. As she dug deeper, Faust found that while there had been more than 100 years of colloquial accounts of North American fireflies flashing in sync, scientists discounted those reports, attributing them to lore or optical illusion. Faust knew the truth that her Tennessee fireflies were every bit as special as the species in Asia. But how could she prove it?

At exactly 9 : 27 p.m., when dusk slips into darkness in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, the "light show" begins. It's June, and for two weeks in Elkmont, Tennessee, the fireflies pool their efforts. Instead of scattershot blips of light in the summer sky, the fireflies-thousands of them-pulse together in eerie, quiet harmony. It's as if the trees were strung up with Christmas lights : bright for three seconds, dark for six, and then bright again, over and over. It continues this way for hours.

As a child, Lynn Faust would huddle with her family on the cabin porch to watch the spectacle. They'd sit, mesmerized by the "drumbeat with no sound." And though they'd appreciated the show for generations, Faust never thought the event was newsworthy. "I'd assumed there was only one kind of firefly and thought they did a nice show in the Smokies," she says.

The natural world has long enchanted Faust. In college, she majored in forensic anthropology and minored in forestry. In her twenties, she circumnavigated the globe for three years, visiting islands you could only get to by boat, learning about cultures before they disappeared, pursuing underwater photography. Today, in her 60s, she's a naturalist who writes scientific papers and field guides about fireflies. But she wasn't always obsessed with the insect. In fact, her academic interest began only in the '90s, when she read an article by Steven Strogatz, a Cornell mathematician, in which he marvelled at a species of Southeast Asian firefly that synchronized its flashes. Highlighting how rare this phenomenon was, Strogatz noted that there were no synchronous fireflies in the Western Hemisphere.

This struck Faust as odd. It contradicted the light shows she had seen growing up. As she dug deeper, Faust found that while there had been more than 100 years of colloquial accounts of North American fireflies flashing in sync, scientists discounted those reports, attributing them to lore or optical illusion. Faust knew the truth that her Tennessee fireflies were every bit as special as the species in Asia. But how could she prove it?

At exactly 9 : 27 p.m., when dusk slips into darkness in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, the "light show" begins. It's June, and for two weeks in Elkmont, Tennessee, the fireflies pool their efforts. Instead of scattershot blips of light in the summer sky, the fireflies-thousands of them-pulse together in eerie, quiet harmony. It's as if the trees were strung up with Christmas lights : bright for three seconds, dark for six, and then bright again, over and over. It continues this way for hours.

As a child, Lynn Faust would huddle with her family on the cabin porch to watch the spectacle. They'd sit, mesmerized by the "drumbeat with no sound." And though they'd appreciated the show for generations, Faust never thought the event was newsworthy. "I'd assumed there was only one kind of firefly and thought they did a nice show in the Smokies," she says.

The natural world has long enchanted Faust. In college, she majored in forensic anthropology and minored in forestry. In her twenties, she circumnavigated the globe for three years, visiting islands you could only get to by boat, learning about cultures before they disappeared, pursuing underwater photography. Today, in her 60s, she's a naturalist who writes scientific papers and field guides about fireflies. But she wasn't always obsessed with the insect. In fact, her academic interest began only in the '90s, when she read an article by Steven Strogatz, a Cornell mathematician, in which he marvelled at a species of Southeast Asian firefly that synchronized its flashes. Highlighting how rare this phenomenon was, Strogatz noted that there were no synchronous fireflies in the Western Hemisphere.

This struck Faust as odd. It contradicted the light shows she had seen growing up. As she dug deeper, Faust found that while there had been more than 100 years of colloquial accounts of North American fireflies flashing in sync, scientists discounted those reports, attributing them to lore or optical illusion. Faust knew the truth that her Tennessee fireflies were every bit as special as the species in Asia. But how could she prove it?

Once upon a time in a not-so-far-away land there were three blind mice. These mice lived on a small farm (as many mice do) just outside the city. The mice, named Arnold, Frank, and Edgar, were very cunning indeed. They found creative ways to steal food from the farmer and his wife, terrorize the other animals living on the farm, and even find homes for themselves all over the farm. The fight between the farmer's family and the mice was a continual battle.

Every day, the mice would come to the house to pillage and scavenge what they could. They would take whatever food they could find and scatter back to their home in the barn. Upon returning to their safe haven, a small crack in the wall stuffed with warm, sweet hay, the mice would plot their hunt for the next day. Every day, they scampered from the barn at lightning speed to find different food from their regular bread crumbs and spilled milk on the kitchen floor. However, one day the mice decided it was time to change things up from their normal routine.

"I think it's time we get some of that famous pumpkin pie the farmer's wife always makes," said Frank.

"Yeah! I heard that she wins the blue ribbon at the country fair with her recipe every year!" exclaimed Arnold.

Edgar, the quietest and most cunning of the mouse brothers, began to unfold his plan. He started this intricate plan beginning at the barn. At dawn, the mice would run to the house and enter from their traditional route through a crack in the bottom of the back door. Once inside, they would put on their disguises to trick the farmer's wife into giving them a whole pie to themselves. The mice decided to play upon the weaknesses of the farmer's wife. They observed her daily habits and saw that she had a kind heart and a loving nature towards all people. In order to gain her sympathy, Edgar formulated the plan around the mouse brothers posing as blind men.

Once upon a time in a not-so-far-away land there were three blind mice. These mice lived on a small farm (as many mice do) just outside the city. The mice, named Arnold, Frank, and Edgar, were very cunning indeed. They found creative ways to steal food from the farmer and his wife, terrorize the other animals living on the farm, and even find homes for themselves all over the farm. The fight between the farmer's family and the mice was a continual battle.

Every day, the mice would come to the house to pillage and scavenge what they could. They would take whatever food they could find and scatter back to their home in the barn. Upon returning to their safe haven, a small crack in the wall stuffed with warm, sweet hay, the mice would plot their hunt for the next day. Every day, they scampered from the barn at lightning speed to find different food from their regular bread crumbs and spilled milk on the kitchen floor. However, one day the mice decided it was time to change things up from their normal routine.

"I think it's time we get some of that famous pumpkin pie the farmer's wife always makes," said Frank.

"Yeah! I heard that she wins the blue ribbon at the country fair with her recipe every year!" exclaimed Arnold.

Edgar, the quietest and most cunning of the mouse brothers, began to unfold his plan. He started this intricate plan beginning at the barn. At dawn, the mice would run to the house and enter from their traditional route through a crack in the bottom of the back door. Once inside, they would put on their disguises to trick the farmer's wife into giving them a whole pie to themselves. The mice decided to play upon the weaknesses of the farmer's wife. They observed her daily habits and saw that she had a kind heart and a loving nature towards all people. In order to gain her sympathy, Edgar formulated the plan around the mouse brothers posing as blind men.

Once upon a time in a not-so-far-away land there were three blind mice. These mice lived on a small farm (as many mice do) just outside the city. The mice, named Arnold, Frank, and Edgar, were very cunning indeed. They found creative ways to steal food from the farmer and his wife, terrorize the other animals living on the farm, and even find homes for themselves all over the farm. The fight between the farmer's family and the mice was a continual battle.

Every day, the mice would come to the house to pillage and scavenge what they could. They would take whatever food they could find and scatter back to their home in the barn. Upon returning to their safe haven, a small crack in the wall stuffed with warm, sweet hay, the mice would plot their hunt for the next day. Every day, they scampered from the barn at lightning speed to find different food from their regular bread crumbs and spilled milk on the kitchen floor. However, one day the mice decided it was time to change things up from their normal routine.

"I think it's time we get some of that famous pumpkin pie the farmer's wife always makes," said Frank.

"Yeah! I heard that she wins the blue ribbon at the country fair with her recipe every year!" exclaimed Arnold.

Edgar, the quietest and most cunning of the mouse brothers, began to unfold his plan. He started this intricate plan beginning at the barn. At dawn, the mice would run to the house and enter from their traditional route through a crack in the bottom of the back door. Once inside, they would put on their disguises to trick the farmer's wife into giving them a whole pie to themselves. The mice decided to play upon the weaknesses of the farmer's wife. They observed her daily habits and saw that she had a kind heart and a loving nature towards all people. In order to gain her sympathy, Edgar formulated the plan around the mouse brothers posing as blind men.

Once upon a time in a not-so-far-away land there were three blind mice. These mice lived on a small farm (as many mice do) just outside the city. The mice, named Arnold, Frank, and Edgar, were very cunning indeed. They found creative ways to steal food from the farmer and his wife, terrorize the other animals living on the farm, and even find homes for themselves all over the farm. The fight between the farmer's family and the mice was a continual battle.

Every day, the mice would come to the house to pillage and scavenge what they could. They would take whatever food they could find and scatter back to their home in the barn. Upon returning to their safe haven, a small crack in the wall stuffed with warm, sweet hay, the mice would plot their hunt for the next day. Every day, they scampered from the barn at lightning speed to find different food from their regular bread crumbs and spilled milk on the kitchen floor. However, one day the mice decided it was time to change things up from their normal routine.

"I think it's time we get some of that famous pumpkin pie the farmer's wife always makes," said Frank.

"Yeah! I heard that she wins the blue ribbon at the country fair with her recipe every year!" exclaimed Arnold.

Edgar, the quietest and most cunning of the mouse brothers, began to unfold his plan. He started this intricate plan beginning at the barn. At dawn, the mice would run to the house and enter from their traditional route through a crack in the bottom of the back door. Once inside, they would put on their disguises to trick the farmer's wife into giving them a whole pie to themselves. The mice decided to play upon the weaknesses of the farmer's wife. They observed her daily habits and saw that she had a kind heart and a loving nature towards all people. In order to gain her sympathy, Edgar formulated the plan around the mouse brothers posing as blind men.

When the ship, Gulliver was traveling on was destroyed in a storm, Gulliver ends up on the island of Lilliput, where he awakes to find that he has been captured by Lilliputians, very small people - approximately six inches in height. Gulliver is treated with compassion and concern. In turn, he helps them solve some of their problems, especially their conflict with their enemy, Blefuscu, an island across the bay from them. Gulliver falls from favour, however, because he refuses to support the Emperor's desire to enslave the Blefuscudians and because he "makes water" to put out a palace fire. Gulliver flees to Blefuscu, where he converts a large war ship to his own use and sets sail from Blefuscu eventually to be rescued at sea by an English merchant ship and returned to his home in England.

As he travels as a ship's surgeon, Gulliver and a small crew are sent to find water on an island. Instead they encounter a land of giants. As the crew flees, Gulliver is left behind and captured. Gulliver's captor, a farmer, takes him to the farmer's home where Gulliver is treated kindly, but, of course, curiously. The farmer assigns his daughter, Glumdalclitch, to be Gulliver's keeper, and she cares for Gulliver with great compassion. The farmer takes Gulliver on tour across the countryside, displaying him to onlookers. Eventually, the farmer sells Gulliver to the Queen. At court, Gulliver meets the King, and the two spend many sessions discussing the customs and behaviours of Gulliver's country. In many cases, the King is shocked and chagrined by the selfishness and pettiness that he hears Gulliver describe. Gulliver, on the other hand, defends England.

When the ship, Gulliver was traveling on was destroyed in a storm, Gulliver ends up on the island of Lilliput, where he awakes to find that he has been captured by Lilliputians, very small people - approximately six inches in height. Gulliver is treated with compassion and concern. In turn, he helps them solve some of their problems, especially their conflict with their enemy, Blefuscu, an island across the bay from them. Gulliver falls from favour, however, because he refuses to support the Emperor's desire to enslave the Blefuscudians and because he "makes water" to put out a palace fire. Gulliver flees to Blefuscu, where he converts a large war ship to his own use and sets sail from Blefuscu eventually to be rescued at sea by an English merchant ship and returned to his home in England.

As he travels as a ship's surgeon, Gulliver and a small crew are sent to find water on an island. Instead they encounter a land of giants. As the crew flees, Gulliver is left behind and captured. Gulliver's captor, a farmer, takes him to the farmer's home where Gulliver is treated kindly, but, of course, curiously. The farmer assigns his daughter, Glumdalclitch, to be Gulliver's keeper, and she cares for Gulliver with great compassion. The farmer takes Gulliver on tour across the countryside, displaying him to onlookers. Eventually, the farmer sells Gulliver to the Queen. At court, Gulliver meets the King, and the two spend many sessions discussing the customs and behaviours of Gulliver's country. In many cases, the King is shocked and chagrined by the selfishness and pettiness that he hears Gulliver describe. Gulliver, on the other hand, defends England.

When the ship, Gulliver was traveling on was destroyed in a storm, Gulliver ends up on the island of Lilliput, where he awakes to find that he has been captured by Lilliputians, very small people - approximately six inches in height. Gulliver is treated with compassion and concern. In turn, he helps them solve some of their problems, especially their conflict with their enemy, Blefuscu, an island across the bay from them. Gulliver falls from favour, however, because he refuses to support the Emperor's desire to enslave the Blefuscudians and because he "makes water" to put out a palace fire. Gulliver flees to Blefuscu, where he converts a large war ship to his own use and sets sail from Blefuscu eventually to be rescued at sea by an English merchant ship and returned to his home in England.

As he travels as a ship's surgeon, Gulliver and a small crew are sent to find water on an island. Instead they encounter a land of giants. As the crew flees, Gulliver is left behind and captured. Gulliver's captor, a farmer, takes him to the farmer's home where Gulliver is treated kindly, but, of course, curiously. The farmer assigns his daughter, Glumdalclitch, to be Gulliver's keeper, and she cares for Gulliver with great compassion. The farmer takes Gulliver on tour across the countryside, displaying him to onlookers. Eventually, the farmer sells Gulliver to the Queen. At court, Gulliver meets the King, and the two spend many sessions discussing the customs and behaviours of Gulliver's country. In many cases, the King is shocked and chagrined by the selfishness and pettiness that he hears Gulliver describe. Gulliver, on the other hand, defends England.

Besides affecting human health, air pollution is also causing malnutrition in trees by harming a fungi that is important for providing mineral nutrients to tree roots. Mycorrhizal fungi is hosted by the trees in their roots to receive nutrients from the soil. These fungi provide essential nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium from soil in exchange for carbon from the tree. This plant-fungal symbiotic relationship is crucial for the health of the tree. However, high levels of the nutrition elements like nitrogen and phosphorus in the mycorrhizae changes them to act as pollutants rather than nutrients.

The signs of malnutrition can be seen in the form of discoloured leaves and excessive falling of leaves. There is an alarming trend of tree malnutrition across Europe, which leaves forests vulnerable to pests, disease and climate change. The researchers noted that ecosystem changes can negatively affect tree health. Further, they found that the characteristics of the tree - species and nutrient status - and the local environmental conditions like the atmospheric pollution and soil variables were the most important predictors of which species of mycorrhizae fungi would be present and their numbers. These also proved to have a large impact on the fungi.

Besides affecting human health, air pollution is also causing malnutrition in trees by harming a fungi that is important for providing mineral nutrients to tree roots. Mycorrhizal fungi is hosted by the trees in their roots to receive nutrients from the soil. These fungi provide essential nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium from soil in exchange for carbon from the tree. This plant-fungal symbiotic relationship is crucial for the health of the tree. However, high levels of the nutrition elements like nitrogen and phosphorus in the mycorrhizae changes them to act as pollutants rather than nutrients.

The signs of malnutrition can be seen in the form of discoloured leaves and excessive falling of leaves. There is an alarming trend of tree malnutrition across Europe, which leaves forests vulnerable to pests, disease and climate change. The researchers noted that ecosystem changes can negatively affect tree health. Further, they found that the characteristics of the tree - species and nutrient status - and the local environmental conditions like the atmospheric pollution and soil variables were the most important predictors of which species of mycorrhizae fungi would be present and their numbers. These also proved to have a large impact on the fungi.

Besides affecting human health, air pollution is also causing malnutrition in trees by harming a fungi that is important for providing mineral nutrients to tree roots. Mycorrhizal fungi is hosted by the trees in their roots to receive nutrients from the soil. These fungi provide essential nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium from soil in exchange for carbon from the tree. This plant-fungal symbiotic relationship is crucial for the health of the tree. However, high levels of the nutrition elements like nitrogen and phosphorus in the mycorrhizae changes them to act as pollutants rather than nutrients.

The signs of malnutrition can be seen in the form of discoloured leaves and excessive falling of leaves. There is an alarming trend of tree malnutrition across Europe, which leaves forests vulnerable to pests, disease and climate change. The researchers noted that ecosystem changes can negatively affect tree health. Further, they found that the characteristics of the tree - species and nutrient status - and the local environmental conditions like the atmospheric pollution and soil variables were the most important predictors of which species of mycorrhizae fungi would be present and their numbers. These also proved to have a large impact on the fungi.