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Sam observed a slide containing the lower epidermis of a leaf under a microscope. A number of tiny openings between the epidermal cells were present as shown below in the diagram:
Which ion is responsible for the opening and closing of the openings?
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Mention one characteristic of roots for absorbing water from the soil.
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Which of the following is a living, semi-permeable membrane?
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The apparatus used to measure the rate of transpiration is ______.
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Match the terms given in column A with column B:
| Column A | Column B | ||
| (a) | Hydathodes | (i) | Photosynthesis |
| (b) | Stomata | (ii) | Respiration |
| (c) | Cuticle | (iii) | Regulates opening and closing of stomata |
| (d) | Lenticels | (iv) | Reduces loss of water |
| (e) | Guard cells | (v) | Guttation |
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Name four kinds of potometers on the basis of the names of the scientists who discovered them.
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Define the following term:
Potometer
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Name the three great cultural revolutions that favoured a steep rise in population.
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Mention two areas of medical sciences which have indirectly contributed to high growth in human population.
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Is the present day human population growth following a J-shaped curve or S-shaped curve?
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Write the exact location of guard cells.
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Give the reason for the following:
A person from bright sunlight outside enters a poorly lit room and feels blinded for a short while.
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The vitamin required for the synthesis of rhodopsin is ______.
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Define the following term:
Adaptation
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Differentiate between members of the following pair with reference to what is asked in the bracket.
Dark and light adaptation (pigments which will be regenerated).
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The figures (A) and (B) given below are showing some kind of adjustment. Study the figures and answer the questions that follow.
| A |  |
 |
B |
- Identify the kinds of adjustments done in the figures (A) and (B).
- Distinguish between the adjustments of figures (A) and (B) on the basis of:
- The size of pupil.
- The pigment which gets regenerated.
- Cells of the retina.
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Define the following term:
Blood
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Name the following:
The inner lighter coloured region of the kidney.
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Name the following:
Knot-like mass of blood capillary inside Bowman's capsule.
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Name the following:
The structural and functional unit of the kidney.
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