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English - Communicative
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On the basis of your reading of the extract, tick the most appropriate answer : 

a. Tom's mind had drifted away because 
• Becky Thatcher had stopped coming to school 
• he no longer took an interest in war. 
• the charm oflife was gone. 
• he had put his hoop and his bat away. 
b. Aunt Polly was concerned because: 
• Tom was hanging around Becky Thatcher's father's house all night 
• Tom no longer took an interest in anything 
• she was infatuated with patent medicines 
• she had a fever 
c. She was filled with gratitude when she tested the new medicine as 
• it was simply fire in a liquid form. 
• her troubles were instantly at rest 
• Tom's indifference was broken. 
• Tom was responding well 
d. 'Mending the health of a crack' means 
• repairing a crack in the sitting-room floor 
• looking after his health 
• pouring the medicine into a crack in the sitting-room floor 
• giving the medicine to the cat 

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Maintaining a Point of view
 (a) Read the following passage. Underline the verbs in the active voice and put circles around verbs in the passive voice. The first two have been completed.

Dr. Godbole arrived at the station at 6.30 pm and (was met) by Professor Salisbury of the Institute of Environmental Studies. After being driven to the Conference Centre for a brief meeting, the Indian forestry expert was taken to his hotel. The following morning, he presented his paper entitled “Save the trees — Save the world” which was greeted with prolonged applause. After his brief visit, Dr. Godbole is reported to have said he was very pleased with its outcome.

(b) From whose perspective or point of view is this description given? How does the use of the passive voice help maintain this?

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Review of passives
Look back on the exercises in this Unit. Discuss why the passive is used in each of these different circumstances.
Can you think of any other times when it is best to use the passive?

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On the basis of your reading of the extract, tick mark the most appropriate meaning for the given word : 

(i) Infatuated (Para 1} 
• fond
• influenced
• disliked
• addicted 

(ii) Melancholy (Para 2) 
• happy
• sad 
• worried
• disappointed 
(iii) Petrified (Para 6} 
• horrified
• motionless
• stunned
• anxious 
(iv) Gravity (Para 7} 
• mischievous
• seriousness
• joyfulness
• greatness 

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Imagine you are a famous person. Write a brief report (maximum 80 words) of a day in your life. Use the passive voice where you think it is appropriate. An example of how you might start is given below.

I woke up at 7 am and was given tea. It was a lovely cool morning so I decided to walk to the film studio. Normally I am driven____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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In pairs, discuss the following aspects of the story, and then have a class discussion.

  1. Tom was not really ill but he pretended to be ill
  2. Usually, he made a lot of fuss to take Aunt Polly’s medicines, but this time he took the medicines quietly.
  3. His aunt was worried because he was not his usual self: instead, he showed an unusual interest in the medicine.
  4. Aunt Polly could read Tom’s thoughts.
  5. Aunt Polly loved Tom Sawyer.
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Future passive
Promises Galore!
Your class will be divided into two groups. One member of each group is contesting an election representing his/her party. The two parties are United Students’ Front and United Youth Power. The group writes the election manifesto stating changes that will be brought about in schools and colleges if their candidate is selected.
Begin like this:
If I am elected, the following changes will be implemented with immediate effect.

1. Participation in any one of the sports activities will be made compulsory.
__________________________________________
The candidates will read out their manifesto to the whole class.
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Prevention is better than cure.
Swine flu has been declared (as) a pandemic.
In groups of four discuss the following.

(a) What has been done by the authorities to cope with the problem?
(b) What are the consequences of such a major world-wide infection?

Write out the answer to the questions as a flowchart using the passive form of the verb.

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Given alongside are the pictures of two boys - Shravan Kumar and Narendra Kumar. (They are not related.) Working with a partner, look at their pictures and predict how each boys lives. Write your answer in points .

Shravan Kumar  Narendra Kumar 
   
   
   
   
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Look at the notes below. Then use the information to complete the paragraph by choosing a suitable word or phrase in each space.

Bishnois – always – nature worshippers – 1730 A.D. – Maharja Abhay Singh’s men – fell – khejri trees – Amrita Devi – hug a tree – protested – insisted – to cut her head first – men obliged – Amrita – a legend.

Bishnois have (a) ____________. In 1730 A.D. Maharaja Abhay Singh’s (b) ____________ fell Khajri trees. Amrita Devi, a true Bishnoi, (c) ____________ and expressed (d) ____________. She insisted that if they wanted to cut the tree (e) ____________. The unrelenting men of the Maharaja obliged her and the (f) ____________.

(a) (i) always been regarded as nature worshippers
(ii) always been called as nature worshippers
(iii) always knew nature worshippers
(iv) always done nature worshippers
(b) (i) men coming to
(ii) men started
(iii) men began to
(iv) men came to
(c) (i) hug a tree
(ii) hugging a tree
(iii) hugged a tree
(iv) hugs a tree
(d) (i) his protest
(ii) her protest
(iii) their protest
(iv) protesting
(e) (i) they may cut her head first
(ii) they would have to cut her head first
(iii) they can cut her head first
(iv) they should cut her head first
(f) (i) woman became a legend
(ii) woman becomes a legend
(iii) women became a legend
(iv) woman read a legend
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Write a magazine article about both the boys, in which you bring out the similarities and differences in their lives. Use the table you completed in Question 3. Give your article a suitable title. Remember 'CODER'. 

Organise your article like this 

Paragraph 1 : Give their names and ages. Compare their families, parents and backgrounds. 
Paragraph 2 : Compare how each spends a typical day and their recreation/ hobbies. 
Paragraph 3 : Compare their hopes / dreams / ambitions and your assessment of their future. 

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Rearrange the jumbled words to form meaningful sentences.

(a) at developing / there have been / a modern / many attempts / snowboard
(a) ______________________________________

(b) was developed / a child’s toy / in 1965 / the ‘Snurfer’ / as
(b) ______________________________________

(c) and a rope / at the / two skiis / were bound / was placed / front end / together
(c) ______________________________________

(d) declared / snowboarding / in 1994 / was / event / an Olympic
(d) ______________________________________

(e) across the globe / is a / this recognition / huge victory / snowboarders / to the
(e) ______________________________________

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Given below is a list or other expressions. Decide what each expression means, by writing D for 'difference' or S for 'similarity' against each. Try to add more expressions to your list and make use of them in writing your article in Question 6. 

Expressions  D or s 
X is different from Y in that _______  
X and Y are alike in that ______  
X and Y have _____ in common.   
Whereas X _________ , Y _____________  
Compared to X, Y ________  
X ____ In contrast, Y ____  
X _____ However, Y _____  
X and Y both  
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There are many ways of expressing differences and similarities. Read the passage below, and study the expressions printed in italics. 

Day School and Boarding School 

Both day school and boarding school are institutions where children go to study.
While the former does not provide any residential accommodation, the latter expects children to live on campus. A boarding school has an advantage over a day school as their classes are normally smaller. However, the two schools are similar in aiming for high standards of education for all students. 

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Choose the right word from the options given below and fill in the blanks.

(а) The weekly forecast says that I _________ an old friend this week.
(b) I have to catch the 5.00 am train tomorrow. So, I _________ go to bed late tonight.
(c) The casualties _________ to a nearby hospital.
(d) The majority of the news _________ about violence.

(a) (i) will meet
(ii) meet
(iii) am meeting
(iv) ought to meet
(b) (i) have to
(ii) needn’t
(iii) may
(iv) mustn’t
(c) (i) was taken
(ii) were taken
(iii) taken
(iv) took
(d) (i) are
(ii) is
(iii) has
(iv) have
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Each sentence has four words underlined. Select the one underlined word that is incorrect and write it in the box as shown.

  1. Machu Picchu is the pre-Columbian Inca site located 2430 mts above sea-level. [ The]
  2. It was situated on a mountain ridge in Peru. [_____]
  3. Machu Picchu was declared an UNESCO world heritage site in 1983.[_____]
  4. Before it was not plundered by the Spanish it is an important cultural site. [_____]
  5. This Peruvian historic sanctuary is considered a sacred place. [_____]
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Complete the table for the story you have read. By asking and answering questions, exchange information with your partner (for the story you have not read) and complete the other half of the table. 

Name  Shravan  Narendra 
Age     
Parents     
How he spends a typical day     
Recreation / hobbies     
Hopes / dreams / ambitions     
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Here are the stories of the two boys. One student reads the story of Shravan Kumar and the second student reads the story of Narendra Kumar. After reading the story, each student completes bis or her half of the table in Question 3. 

SHRAVAN KUMAR 

His day begins when most other people's day ends. Thirteen-year old Shravan Kumar works in a tea shop on Delhi's Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, where several newspaper offices are situated. His work begins around seven in the evening when he starts preparing samosas, coffee and tea. He carries them to several offices, does the dishes, and goes around collecting his money well into the night. Around six in the morning, when all the newspapers are despatched for distribution and the press employees return home, he prepares his food, takes a bath and goes to bed.

Shravan is an orphan who crune to Delhi from his village in search of work. His father kept a shop, but was tricked out of it by a deceitful uncle. Despair drove him to alcohol and grunbling, and he died of a stroke soon after. 

Shravan worked in a tea shop in his village for a while. "When I first began washing other people's cups and glasses", he recalls, "I used to feel very bad, I would cry." 
Shravan moved to the more lucrative environs of Delhi, where his elder brother Shatrughan had preceded him. Ajob in a shop selling ice was his first taste of big city life. His mother crune to visit him in Delhi, but she fell ill and died soon after. "That was two or three years ago. I don't remember exactly when," the little boy says. Soon, Shravan lost his first job. His employer still owes him Rs 500. 

Following a brief spell of unemployment and a short spell as an assistant at a car park, he joined the tea shop where he is presently employed. The ruthlessness and loneliness of the world has left him shattered. "I think I run all alone in this world," he says despondently. 

Of the Rs 300 that he earns every month, he deposits Rs 200 in the bank. His bank balance stands at Rs 2000, he says proudly. Survival is his immediate aim but there is a larger objective towards which Shravan is working. He intends to retrieve the land that was mortgaged by his father. Already Shravan and Shatrughan have paid back the loan of Rs 8000 - only the interest remains to be paid. 

Shravan was a dedicated lotte:ry buyer at one time; until he realized that it was adding nothing to his income. The cinema remains a favourite form of entertainment - he even wakes up early to see the noon show. "I have no friends here. Who keeps awake late at night and sleeps during the day? I miss my village. There, I used to play gully danda and marbles and I had a lot of friends. When I went to the village last year, I met them. They are still studying and playing games. I want to join them, but it is a question of survival for me." 

Sharvan's mother wanted him to own a big shop - "like the one his father had owned," he says wistfully. He dreams of fulfilling her wish. He dreams of getting back their mortgaged land, and returning to the village for good, "I like being in my village. I like the films and the glitter of Delhi, but I prefer the greene:ry, the trees, and the fields of my village." Maybe the grit and intelligence he has shown, alone and friendless, in facing a hostile world, will also win for him his heart's desire. 

NARENDRA KUMAR 

Narendra Kumar, a thirteen year old Kendriya Vidyalaya student, was interviewed by The Illustrated Weekly of India. Read what he says about himself. 

Interviewer : Hello, Narendra! 
Narendra : Hello! 
Interviewer : Congratulations! Narendra. I saw your photograph in the newspaper last week, when you won the Soviet Land Nehru Award for drawing and painting. Our readers are anxious to know more about you. 
Narendra : Thank you, Sir. I think I was just lucky to get the award. The competition is held every year in my school and a large number of students take part in it. 
Interviewer : That's good, very good. It's evident that your school encourages students to take part in various activities. 
Narendra : Oh yes. Our teachers -especially my Art teacher, Mr. V. Sinha - gives us a lot of encouragement. My parents have encouraged me a lot, too. 
Interviewer : When did you start painting? 
Narendra : When I was three, I was attending the Shishu Vihar Nursery School. My teacher gave me a picture of a big kite one day. The picture was beautiful and that very day I asked my father to buy me some crayons and drawing paper... Soon my room was full of crayons and paper! I kept drawing whenever I found time. I now have a mini art room of my own at home! 
Interviewer : That's great, really great! Do you want to become an artist when you grow up? 
Narendra : No. Drawing and painting are just hobbies, which give me a great deal of pleasure. I want to become a police officer when I grow up. That's the only thing I've ever wanted to be. 
Interviewer : Is that because your father is a police officer? 
Narendra : Yes, maybe. I've been watching my father and other policemen for a very long time. I suppose I want to be like him! 
Interviewer : Do you feel you have the qualities that a good police officer needs? 
Narendra : Yes, I think so. A good police officer needs to be physically fit and mentally alert. I'm trying my best to grow into a healthy young man. I'm a member of the local sports club. I play tennis in the evenings and I also swim regularly. 
Interviewer : How do you find time for all these activities? 
Narendra : Well, I suppose I'm busy the whole day. Immediately after school I like to paint or play. I study before dinner and usually get to bed at about 10 o'clock. 
Interviewer : Thank you, Narendra. It's been good talking to you. We wish you success. 
Narendra : It's been a pleasure

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1 Read the conversation between a young boy and his mother. The boy is determined to go to camp, despite his mother's refusal to let him (from George Layfon's short story "The Holiday").
It wasn't fair. Tony and Barry were going. In fact, nearly all of them in Class
Three and Four were going, except me. It wasn't fair. Why wouldn't my mum let
me go?
(a) "I'vetoldyou. Youarenotgoingcamping. You're far too young."
Huh! She said thatlastyear.
"You said that last year."
"You can go next year when you're a bit older."
She said that last year, too.
"You said that last year and all."
"Do you want a clout?"
"Well you did, Mum, didn't you?"
(b) "Go and wash your hands for tea."
(c) "Aw, Mum, everybody else is going to school camp. Why can't I?"
(d) "Because you're going to Bridlington with me and your aunt Doreen, like you do
every year!"
Ohl Every year my mum, me and Aunt Doreen stay at Mrs. Sharkey's boarding
house. I suppose we'll have that same room again.
"Don't be cheeky! Mrs. Sharkey saves the room for me every year. It's the best
room in the house facing the sea."
"Aw, Mum, I never get any sleep - the sea splashing on one side."
My mum gave me a clout right across my head.
"Well, you've done it now. You've dislocated my jaw- owl"
She clouted me again, right in the same place.

"It's not fair. Tony's mum and dad are letting him go to school camp, and
Barry's going too. Why don'tyou let me go?"
She suddenly bent down and put her face right next to mine, right close. She
made me jump.
(e) "Now listen to me, my lad. What Tony's mum and dad do, and what Barry's
mum and dad do, is their look out. You will come with me and your Auntie
Doreen to Bridlington and enjoy yourself, like you do every year!"

1.1 Suppose Tony overheard this conversation, and wrote a letter to Barry.
Write and complete Tony's letter for him.

Dear Barry,
It's just two weeks more for our school camp! I can't wait to have a great time with
our class mates. I was hoping you, George and I get to share a tent together! But I
was at George's place and got to hear what his mother felt about our trip.
To start with his mother said he wasn't going camping. adding that he was far
too young for it. George reminded his Mum that she had said that the previous
year.
She felt that (a)____________________________________________________________________ older. He protested that she had said the previous year, too. To this, she simply ordered (b)_______________________________________________________________________ for tea. He wanted to know why (c) _________________________________________________________ when every body else, was going. She reasoned with him saying (d)_______________ George objected to being disturbed by the splashing sea, waves. But, his mother clouted him twice and in a threatening manner, told him (e)______________________ _________________ so, that's it. Probably, George won't be with us
Affectionately
Tony.

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Complete the following information about yourself 
SURVAYS ON THE USE OF COMPUTERS

 

Age:   
Boy I Girl:   
Hours spent at the computer:   
Hours spent playing games and chatting on the internet:   
Hours spent surfing the Internet/ websites for learning:   
Hours spent per week studying at home:   
Hours spent for leisure activities:   
If you reduce your time spent on the computer, how would you spend the extra time?   
I like to spend my time on the computer because:   
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