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Read the case and answer the questions that follow.
| The Pygmalion effect, or Rosenthal effect, is a psychological phenomenon in which high expectations lead to improved performance in a given area. The hypothesis was that expectations can influence performance. Robert Rosenthal chose an elementary school in California for his study and having tested all the children’s IQ, the researchers selected a sample of children at random. He informed the teachers that these were children of high academic potential. Following the test, the teachers were given the names of the ‘intellectual bloomers,’ but no scores were disclosed. At the end of the school year, all the students retook the test. While the overall scores had risen, the so-called ‘intellectual bloomers’ had improved the most because of the teachers' efforts and the attention they got from them. The evidence seemed to indicate that the teachers’ expectations had an impact on the student outcomes, especially in the younger students. A similar process works in the opposite direction in the case of low expectations. The idea of the Pygmalion effect can be applied in many situations. Our beliefs about others can lead us to treat them in such a way that they subsequently start behaving in accordance with our beliefs. |
Identify and explain the source of prejudice which leads students to perform poorly.
Chapter: [6] Attitude and Social Cognition
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Read the case and answer the questions that follow.
| The Pygmalion effect, or Rosenthal effect, is a psychological phenomenon in which high expectations lead to improved performance in a given area. The hypothesis was that expectations can influence performance. Robert Rosenthal chose an elementary school in California for his study and having tested all the children’s IQ, the researchers selected a sample of children at random. He informed the teachers that these were children of high academic potential. Following the test, the teachers were given the names of the ‘intellectual bloomers,’ but no scores were disclosed. At the end of the school year, all the students retook the test. While the overall scores had risen, the so called ‘intellectual bloomers’ had improved the most because of the teachers' efforts and the attention they got from them. The evidence seemed to indicate that the teachers’ expectations had an impact on the student outcomes, especially in the younger students. A similar process works in the opposite direction in the case of low expectations. The idea of the Pygmalion effect can be applied in many situations. Our beliefs about others can lead us to treat them in such a way that they subsequently start behaving in accordance with our beliefs. |
Identify and explain the source of prejudice which leads students to perform poorly?
Chapter: [6] Attitude and Social Cognition
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Concept: undefined >> undefined
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Read the case and answer the questions that follow.
| The Pygmalion effect, or Rosenthal effect, is a psychological phenomenon in which high expectations lead to improved performance in a given area. The hypothesis was that expectations can influence performance. Robert Rosenthal chose an elementary school in California for his study and having tested all the children’s IQ, the researchers selected a sample of children at random. He informed the teachers that these were children of high academic potential. Following the test, the teachers were given the names of the ‘intellectual bloomers,’ but no scores were disclosed. At the end of the school year, all the students retook the test. While the overall scores had risen, the so called ‘intellectual bloomers’ had improved the most because of the teachers' efforts and the attention they got from them. The evidence seemed to indicate that the teachers’ expectations had an impact on the student outcomes, especially in the younger students. A similar process works in the opposite direction in the case of low expectations. The idea of the Pygmalion effect can be applied in many situations. Our beliefs about others can lead us to treat them in such a way that they subsequently start behaving in accordance with our beliefs. |
Identify and explain the source of prejudice which leads students to perform poorly.
Chapter: [6] Attitude and Social Cognition
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Concept: undefined >> undefined
Read the case and answer the questions that follow.
| The Pygmalion effect, or Rosenthal effect, is a psychological phenomenon in which high expectations lead to improved performance in a given area. The hypothesis was that expectations can influence performance. Robert Rosenthal chose an elementary school in California for his study and having tested all the children’s IQ, the researchers selected a sample of children at random. He informed the teachers that these were children of high academic potential. Following the test, the teachers were given the names of the ‘intellectual bloomers,’ but no scores were disclosed. At the end of the school year, all the students retook the test. While the overall scores had risen, the so called ‘intellectual bloomers’ had improved the most because of the teachers' efforts and the attention they got from them. The evidence seemed to indicate that the teachers’ expectations had an impact on the student outcomes, especially in the younger students. A similar process works in the opposite direction in the case of low expectations. The idea of the Pygmalion effect can be applied in many situations. Our beliefs about others can lead us to treat them in such a way that they subsequently start behaving in accordance with our beliefs. |
Identify and explain the source of prejudice which leads students to perform poorly.
Chapter: [6] Attitude and Social Cognition
Concept: undefined >> undefined
Concept: undefined >> undefined
Read the case and answer the questions that follow.
| The Pygmalion effect, or Rosenthal effect, is a psychological phenomenon in which high expectations lead to improved performance in a given area. The hypothesis was that expectations can influence performance. Robert Rosenthal chose an elementary school in California for his study and having tested all the children’s IQ, the researchers selected a sample of children at random. He informed the teachers that these were children of high academic potential. Following the test, the teachers were given the names of the ‘intellectual bloomers,’ but no scores were disclosed. At the end of the school year, all the students retook the test. While the overall scores had risen, the so called ‘intellectual bloomers’ had improved the most because of the teachers' efforts and the attention they got from them. The evidence seemed to indicate that the teachers’ expectations had an impact on the student outcomes, especially in the younger students. A similar process works in the opposite direction in the case of low expectations. The idea of the Pygmalion effect can be applied in many situations. Our beliefs about others can lead us to treat them in such a way that they subsequently start behaving in accordance with our beliefs. |
Explain the cognitive and behavioural components of the teachers’ attitude towards the ‘intellectual bloomers’ in the Rosenthal study.
Chapter: [6] Attitude and Social Cognition
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Read the case and answer the questions that follow.
| The Pygmalion effect, or Rosenthal effect, is a psychological phenomenon in which high expectations lead to improved performance in a given area. The hypothesis was that expectations can influence performance. Robert Rosenthal chose an elementary school in California for his study and having tested all the children’s IQ, the researchers selected a sample of children at random. He informed the teachers that these were children of high academic potential. Following the test, the teachers were given the names of the ‘intellectual bloomers,’ but no scores were disclosed. At the end of the school year, all the students retook the test. While the overall scores had risen, the so called ‘intellectual bloomers’ had improved the most because of the teachers' efforts and the attention they got from them. The evidence seemed to indicate that the teachers’ expectations had an impact on the student outcomes, especially in the younger students. A similar process works in the opposite direction in the case of low expectations. The idea of the Pygmalion effect can be applied in many situations. Our beliefs about others can lead us to treat them in such a way that they subsequently start behaving in accordance with our beliefs. |
Identify and explain the source of prejudice which leads students to perform poorly.
Chapter: [6] Attitude and Social Cognition
Concept: undefined >> undefined
Concept: undefined >> undefined
Read the case and answer the questions that follow.
| The Pygmalion effect, or Rosenthal effect, is a psychological phenomenon in which high expectations lead to improved performance in a given area. The hypothesis was that expectations can influence performance. Robert Rosenthal chose an elementary school in California for his study and having tested all the children’s IQ, the researchers selected a sample of children at random. He informed the teachers that these were children of high academic potential. Following the test, the teachers were given the names of the ‘intellectual bloomers,’ but no scores were disclosed. At the end of the school year, all the students retook the test. While the overall scores had risen, the so called ‘intellectual bloomers’ had improved the most because of the teachers' efforts and the attention they got from them. The evidence seemed to indicate that the teachers’ expectations had an impact on the student outcomes, especially in the younger students. A similar process works in the opposite direction in the case of low expectations. The idea of the Pygmalion effect can be applied in many situations. Our beliefs about others can lead us to treat them in such a way that they subsequently start behaving in accordance with our beliefs. |
Explain the cognitive and behavioural components of the teachers’ attitude towards the ‘intellectual bloomers’ in the Rosenthal study
Chapter: [6] Attitude and Social Cognition
Concept: undefined >> undefined
Concept: undefined >> undefined
Read the case and answer the questions that follow.
| The Pygmalion effect, or Rosenthal effect, is a psychological phenomenon in which high expectations lead to improved performance in a given area. The hypothesis was that expectations. can influence performance. Robert Rosenthal chose an elementary school in California for his study and having tested all the chidren’s 1Q, the researchers sekcted a sample of children at random. He informed the teachers that these were chidren of high academic potential. Following the test, the teachers were given the names of the “intellectual bloomers,’ but no scores were disclosed. At the end of the school year, all the students retook the test. While the overall scores had risen, the so called “intellectual bloomers had improved. the most because of the teachers’ efforts and the attention they got from them. The evidence seemed to indicate that the teachers’ expectations had an impact on the student outcomes, especially in the younger students. A similar process works in the opposite direction in the case of low expectations. The idea of the Pygmalion effect can be applied in many situations. Our beliefs about others can lead us to treat them in such a way that they subsequently start behaving in accordance with our beliefs. |
Identify and explain the source of prejudice which leads students to perform poorly.
Chapter: [6] Attitude and Social Cognition
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What is the typical format of a counselling interview?
Chapter: [9] Developing Psychological Skills
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What do you understand by the term counselling? Explain the characteristics of an effective counsellor.
Chapter: [9] Developing Psychological Skills
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To be an effective counsellor, it is mandatory that she/he undergoes professional training. Do you agree with this statement? Give reasons in support of your arguments.
Chapter: [9] Developing Psychological Skills
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What are the ethical considerations in client-counsellor relationships?
Chapter: [9] Developing Psychological Skills
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Enumerate the different ways of coping with stress.
Chapter: [3] Meeting Life Challenges
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Given what you know about coping strategies, what suggestions would you give to your friends to avoid stress in their everyday lives.
Chapter: [3] Meeting Life Challenges
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______ is a dynamic situation-specific reaction to stress.
Chapter: [3] Meeting Life Challenges
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Ayesha focuses on her priorities, plans her work and schedules her time effectively. This is suggestive of the _________ coping strategy.
Chapter: [3] Meeting Life Challenges
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Resham has been overwhelmed by the quantum of work in her office. She has been advised of some stress management techniques by her counsellor. What are the two techniques that you think would be helpful for her to manage stress?
Chapter: [3] Meeting Life Challenges
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Individuals differ in the coping strategies that they use to deal with stressful situations. Justify this statement by highlighting various coping strategies.
Chapter: [3] Meeting Life Challenges
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Which of the following statement is not true about coping with stress?
- Coping is a dynamic situation-specific reaction to stress.
- It is a set of concrete responses to stressful situations or events that are intended to resolve the problem and reduce stress.
- People who cope poorly with stress have high level of natural killer cell cytotoxicity.
- Individuals show similarity in coping strategies that they use to deal with stressful situations.
Chapter: [3] Meeting Life Challenges
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Wasim is always brushing everything under the carpet and refuses to face the stressor or even accept it. Which kind of unhelpful habit is this?
Chapter: [3] Meeting Life Challenges
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