Revision: Structure of the Earth Geography (English Medium) ICSE Class 9 CISCE

Weathering is breaking and falling apart into small pieces of the rocks on the earth’s surface.

Erosion is the wearing away of the landscape by different agents like water, wind, ice and sea waves.

A sudden movement of a portion of the earth’s crust which produces a shaking or trembling is known as an earthquake.

A sudden movement of a portion of the earth’s crust which produces a shaking or trembling is known as an earthquake.

Soil texture — It is the makeup of the soil referring to the sizes of the soil particles.

Weathering is the process of the disintegration or decomposition of rocks at or near the Earth’s surface due to the action of natural agents like water, temperature changes, wind, and biological activity. It leads to the breakdown of rocks into smaller pieces or changes their chemical composition, without any removal of the material from the site.

Soil structure — The structure of the soil may be blocky, granular, prismatic, or columnar and platy which decides the movement of the soil water.

Soil profile — The vertical structure of the soil from the bedrock below up to the surface soil is called the soil profile.

Chernozems — are the richest soils found in the grassy steppes and are best for wheat cultivation.

Soils — The soils are the aggregate of loose, unconsolidated material along with micro-organism mineral compounds, hummus, etc.

Granular disintegration takes place in crystalline rocks where the grains of the rocks become loose and fall out. This is due to the action of temperature & frost.

1. The disintegrated rock materials, in due course of time, are weathered further to form soil
2. Soil is a mixture of disintegrated rocky material and decayed organic matter called humus.