Question

Write two causes of the backwardness of Indian agriculture.

Answer 1

Two causes of the backwardness of Indian agriculture are:

1. Dependence on Monsoons: Indian agriculture heavily depends on rainfall which is uncertain. Sometimes there is insufficient rain, and sometimes excessive rain leads to floods, both causing damage to crops. Even after decades of independence, only about 40% of agricultural land has permanent irrigation facilities, making agriculture vulnerable to nature's uncertainties.
2. Limited Use of Technology: Most Indian farmers still use outdated traditional methods of cultivation such as wooden ploughs and bullocks. The use of modern technology, fertilizers, and high-yielding variety seeds is very limited. This results in low productivity and wastage of human labor.