Question

Write short notes on Markownikoff ’s rule.

Answer 1

When a protic acid (HX) adds to an unsymmetrical alkene, the hydrogen atom (H⁺) from the acid attaches to the carbon atom of the double bond that has the greater number of hydrogen atoms already bonded to it. Meanwhile, the halide or other group (X⁻) attaches to the carbon atom with fewer hydrogen atoms.

\[\ce{\underset{Propene}{CH3 - CH = CH2} + HBr ->[Benzoyl peroxide][]\underset{2-bromopropane}{CH3 - CHBr - CH3}}\]