Question

Write a short note on Hardy, Weinberg’s principle.

Answer 1

Hardy-Weinberg’s principle provides a mathematical model to describe how genetic equilibrium can be maintained in a gene pool. It states that in a large, sexually reproducing population with no mutation, migration, selection, or genetic drift, the frequencies of alleles and genotypes remain constant from generation to generation. Using allele frequencies (p) (dominant) and (q) (recessive), the genotype frequencies can be expressed as: [p² + 2pq + q² = 1] where (p²) is the frequency of homozygous dominant, (2pq) is the heterozygous genotype frequency, and (q²) is the homozygous recessive frequency.