Question

Write a short note on ferroelectricity.

Answer 1

Ferroelectricity is the property of certain materials to exhibit spontaneous electric polarization that can be reversed by applying an external electric field. This behaviour is similar to ferromagnetism but involves electric dipoles instead of magnetic ones. Ferroelectric materials, such as barium titanate (BaTiO₃), retain their polarization even after the external field is removed. Due to their ability to store and switch electrical states, they find use in capacitors, memory devices, piezoelectric sensors, and non-volatile memory.