Question

With reference to any two non-conventional sources of power in India, mention the main features of each, its uses and requirements.

Answer 1

Solar Energy

1. Main Features:
   1. Harnesses energy from the sun using solar panels or solar thermal systems.
   2. It is a clean, renewable, and inexhaustible energy source.
   3. Particularly effective in areas with high solar insolation like Rajasthan and Gujarat.
2. Uses:
   1. Generating electricity for homes, industries, and remote villages.
   2. Heating water, drying crops, and powering streetlights and traffic signals.
   3. Charging batteries and running small appliances.
3. Requirements:

1. 1. High exposure to sunlight (ideally 300+ sunny days per year).
   2. Large open areas for installation of solar panels.
   3. Initial investment in photovoltaic (PV) technology and infrastructure.

Wind Energy

1. Main Features:
   1. Generated using wind turbines that convert kinetic energy of wind into electricity.
   2. Non-polluting, renewable, and suitable for coastal and open plain areas.
   3. India ranks among the top countries in wind energy production.
2. Uses:
   1. Generation of electricity for grid supply and local power needs.
   2. Can support rural electrification and reduce dependency on fossil fuels.
3. Requirements:

1. 1. Wind speed of at least 15-20 km/h.
   2. Open, unobstructed terrain such as coastal regions, hilltops, or flat plains.
   3. Infrastructure for setting up turbines and connecting to the power grid.