Question

Why the features of primitive society were to be replaced by modern society?

Answer 1

The features of primitive society were replaced by those of modern society due to a combination of economic, technological, social, and political transformations over time. Primitive societies were generally characterised by small, close-knit communities, subsistence-level economies, simple technology, oral traditions, and strong dependence on nature. These features were suitable for a limited, localised way of life but could not meet the growing demands of population, resources, and human development.

With the advent of agriculture, industrialisation, and modernisation, human societies needed more complex systems to manage production, distribution, education, and governance. Technological advancements led to improved tools, machinery, and communication systems, which made traditional practices less efficient or obsolete. The emergence of market economies, formal education, state institutions, and democratic structures also called for individual rights, mobility, and rationality features that were not prominent in primitive societies.

Moreover, modern society encouraged specialisation, division of labor, urbanisation, and scientific thinking, allowing for greater progress and innovation. The rigid structures of kinship, customs, and taboos in primitive society often restricted social mobility and change, whereas modern society promoted social reform, equality, and openness to change.