Question

What is translocation in connection with chromosomal mutation?

Answer 1

Translocation involves the transfer of a part of one chromosome to a non-homologous chromosome, changing the sequence and position of genes without altering their quantity. There are three main types: simple translocation (a single break attaches to another chromosome’s end), shift translocation (the broken part inserts into another chromosome), and reciprocal translocation (mutual exchange between two non-homologous chromosomes). Translocations can lead to gene loss in some cells and reduced fertility due to abnormal segregation during meiosis.