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प्रश्न
What is meant by the terms ‘soil erosion’ and ‘soil conservation’?
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उत्तर
Soil erosion refers to washing away or removal of the layer of soil by various agents like running water and wind.
Sheet erosion and gully erosion are the two most common ways by which soil gets eroded. When there is heavy rainfall, the top layer of soil over large areas gets washed away. This is known as sheet erosion. When rainwater in region flows down the slopes making deep and narrow furrows, it is called gully erosion. Soil erosion also refers to the loss of fertility of soil, which makes the soil infertile and exhausted.
Cutting down the trees and forests, overgrazing by animals, floods, and improper farming practices are some of the main causes of soil erosion.
Soil conservation is the protecting of soil against erosion and exhaustion by planting trees, shrubs and grass on hill slopes.
Soil can be conserved by controlling grazing of cattle and use of proper farming methods such as the levelling of fields, terracing of hill slopes, construction of mud walls or bunds and ploughing fields in circles.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Give geographical reason:
There is a need for soil conservation.
Name the various methods of conserving soil.
Why is soil conservation important? Give three reasons.
Explain any two methods of soil conservation briefly.
Form pairs or groups of three or four students and discuss, with examples, how we depend directly and indirectly on soil.
Soil conservation measures are mainly aimed at protecting which of the following?
Unscramble the following jumbled word related to soil.
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A man digging a pit found that he could dig with ease initially but digging became difficult as he went deeper. He could not dig beyond a depth of 5 feet. Provide a suitable scientific explanation.
Rajasthan is a desert state in India. Once while travelling to Rajasthan by train, Boojho observed several streams and rivulets of rain water during the journey but to his surprise, he did not see streams of water in the desert region even during rains. Help Boojho find a suitable explanation for this.
Match the animals in Column I with their natural place of dwelling (habitat) in Column II.
| Column I | Column II | ||
| (a) | Earthworm | (i) | Sand and beaches |
| (b) | Garden lizard | (ii) | Burrows in soil |
| (c) | Crab | (iii) | Deep, narrow holes in dry soils |
| (d) | Rodents | (iv) | Surface of soil |
| (e) | Scorpion | (v) | The surface of shaded moist soils |
| (f) | Snails and slugs | (vi) | A horizon of moist soils |
