Question

What are the functions of B-cells?

Answer 1

1. Recognition of Antigens: Immunocompetent B-lymphocytes are each programmed to recognize one specific antigen. They get released into circulation and mainly reside in lymphoid tissues such as lymph nodes and spleen.
2. Activation and Differentiation: Upon encountering their specific antigen (usually processed and presented by macrophages), B-cells become activated. They transform into plasmablasts, which then divide to form plasma cells.
3. Antibody Production: Plasma cells produce and secrete antibodies (immunoglobulins) specific to the antigen that triggered the response. These antibodies circulate in blood and lymph, binding to antigens to neutralize them, facilitate opsonization, or activate complement pathways to destroy the antigen.
4. Memory Cell Formation: Some plasma cells revert to B-lymphocytes and remain as memory cells in lymphoid tissues. These memory B-cells enable a faster and more effective antibody-mediated response if the antigen is encountered again in the future.