Question

What are the effects of deforestation and the benefits of agroforesty?

Answer 1

• Effects of deforestation:

1. The burning of forest wood releases stored carbon, a negative impact just opposite of carbon sequestration.
2. Trees and plants bind the soil particles. The removal of forest cover increases soil erosion and decreases soil fertility. Deforestation in dry areas leads to the formation of deserts.
3. The amount of runoff water increases soil erosion and also creates flash flooding, thus reducing moisture and humidity.
4. The alteration of local precipitation patterns leading to drought conditions in many regions. It triggers adverse climatic conditions and alters the water cycle in the ecosystem.
5. It decreases the bio-diversity significantly as their habitats are disturbed and disruption of natural cycles.
6. Loss of livelihood for forest dwellers and rural people.
7. Increased global warming and account for one-third of total CO₂ emission.
8. Loss of life support resources, fuel, medicinal herbs, and wild edible fruits.

• Benefits of agroforestry:

1. It is an answer to the problem of soil and water conservation and also to stabilize the soil (salinity and water table) reduce landslide and water run-off problem.
2. Nutrient cycling between species improves and organic matter is maintained.
3. Trees provide the micro climates for crops and maintain CO₂ balanced, atmospheric temperature, and relative humidity.
4. Suitable for dry land where rainfall is minimal and hence it is a good system for alternate land-use patterns.
5. Multipurpose tree varieties like Acacia are used for wood pulp, tanning, paper, and firewood – industries.
6. Agro-forestry is recommended for the following purposes. It can be used as Farm Forestry for the extension of forests, mixed forestry, shelter belts, and linear strip plantation.