Question

What are stomata? What governs the opening and closing of stomata?

Answer 1

Stomata are the tiny pores present on the surface of leaves which helps in gaseous exchange and transpiration. When water moves inside the guard cells, they swell and become turgid which facilitates the opening of the stomata. Similarly, when water moves out of the cell, the cell becomes flaccid which promotes the closing of the stomata. This occurs due to the difference in solute concentration.